Banca de DEFESA: TALITA DOS SANTOS FERREIRA

Uma banca de DEFESA de DOUTORADO foi cadastrada pelo programa.
STUDENT : TALITA DOS SANTOS FERREIRA
DATE: 25/02/2025
TIME: 13:00
LOCAL: Videoconferencia
TITLE:

In vitro germination, development and multiplication of ornamental plants

KEY WORDS:

Tissue culture. Araceae. Ornamental plant. Callogenesis

PAGES: 128
BIG AREA: Ciências Agrárias
AREA: Agronomia
SUBÁREA: Fitotecnia
SPECIALTY: Produção de Mudas
SUMMARY:

Micropropagation has been one of the main techniques for obtaining high-quality seedlings of ornamental species, especially those that are difficult to propagate. Among the species, we can mention the alcea (Alcea rosea) propagated by seeds, whose dormancy has been frequently reported. Furthermore, this species develops in rosettes, does not produce branches, and therefore vegetative propagation is quite limited. Another species of great economic interest is the carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus), which, although it can be propagated by seeds, is traditionally propagated by cuttings, which makes the management of nursery stocks quite expensive. Another crop of great commercial importance is the anthurium (Anthurium andraeanum), which belongs to the Araceae family, which also presents many obstacles to production by seed germination or traditional vegetative propagation, from which commercial seedlings come from plant micropropagation. For all these species, significant advantages in terms of quality control, efficiency and speed of production, contributing to the availability of a wide variety of ornamental plants for consumers. In this sense, this thesis was constructed in chapters that aim to elucidate aspects of the micropropagation of different ornamental species as follows: I - To evaluate the morphometry of fruits and seeds and in vitro germination of A. rosea seeds; II - To establish a protocol for in vitro germination and micropropagation of A. rosea; III - To evaluate the effect of the concentration of the culture medium on seed germination and in vitro multiplication of D. caryophyllus plants; IV - To establish a protocol for in vitro micropropagation of A. andraeanum L.; and V - To present a literature review on the floral biology, reproductive system and pollination of Araceae juss. As a result, it can be seen that the fruits of A. rosea have a flattened appearance containing, on average, 33 seeds. Seeds germinated in vitro do not present dormancy; however, mechanical scarification promotes higher germination rates and the production of more vigorous seedlings, regardless of the culture medium used. Supplementation of 2.0 mg L-1 BAP to the MS medium allowed greater sprouting of A. rosea cuttings, and the use of this regulator is essential for inducing sprouting, while supplementation of 1.0 mg L-1 IBA to the MS medium favors rhizogenesis. For carnation plants, the highest percentage of in vitro germination was obtained with the MSTotal medium. The formation of the greatest number of sprouts occurred in T4 (MS supplemented with 1.0 mg L-1 BAP + 0.5 mg L-1 IBA), with an average of 144 sprouts per explant. The formation of the greatest number of roots (9.3) occurred in T3. Therefore, the protocol used in this study is suggested as an efficient method for the multiplication of the species Dianthus caryophyllus Chabaud Giant Double Red. For anthurium plants, asepsis by immersion in 70% (v/v) alcohol + gentamicin solution (20%) for 1 minute is recommended, followed by immersion for 7 minutes in 2% (v/v) sodium hypochlorite solution. The combination of factors: explant taken from the intermediate-aged leaf + culture medium with WPM + dark environment, was the most efficient treatment in controlling oxidation and in the callus induction stage in the explants. The WPM medium supplemented with 2.0 mg/L BAP + 1.0 mg/L 2,4D or 1.0 mg/L BAP + 0.5 mg/L IBA induced the production of embryogenic callus. Finally, the review article provides comprehensive and up-to-date information on the complexity of pollination of Anthurium plants and its relationships with the specificities of pollinating insects.

 

 

COMMITTEE MEMBERS:
Presidente - 2379124 - ROGERIO GOMES PEGO
Externa ao Programa - 1724645 - CIBELLE VILELA ANDRADE FIORINI - UFRRJExterna ao Programa - 3056490 - NATANE AMARAL MIRANDA PADUA - UFRRJExterno à Instituição - CARLOS ANTÔNIO DOS SANTOS
Externo à Instituição - LUIZ FERNANDO DE SOUSA ANTUNES - UFERSA