Banca de DEFESA: PAULO HENRIQUE DE LIMA

Uma banca de DEFESA de DOUTORADO foi cadastrada pelo programa.
DISCENTE : PAULO HENRIQUE DE LIMA
DATA : 27/04/2018
HORA: 09:00
LOCAL: Sala 1 - Departamento de Fitotecnia - Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro
TÍTULO:

Evaluation of the organic fertilization with fermented compost allied to the mulching in the agroeconomic performance of vegetables in succession.

PALAVRAS-CHAVES:

Chromatography of Pfeiffer; carrot (Daucus carota); bertalha (Basella Alba); β-glicosidase; FDA

PÁGINAS: 140
GRANDE ÁREA: Ciências Agrárias
ÁREA: Agronomia
SUBÁREA: Fitotecnia
ESPECIALIDADE: Manejo e Tratos Culturais
RESUMO:

The experiments were conducted in the field, in two consecutive agricultural years, 2015 and 2016, in the SIPA (Agroecological Integrated Production System - "Fazendinha Agroecológica Km 47"). The experimental design was a randomized block design (RBD) in a factorial scheme (5 x 2) with four replicates, corresponding to five doses of fermented compost - 0, 50, 100, 200 and 400 kg of total N ha^-1 - with or without mulching. In the first agricultural year, carrot growth analysis was performed according to the treatments. In the first and second year of cultivation, the agroeconomic performance of carrot and bertalha (Basella alba), submitted to the treatments, was evaluated. The agronomic parameters evaluated in relation to the carrot crop were productivity (ton ha^-1) and root mean diameter. The bertalha culture was cultivated after the carrot harvest with the purpose of evaluating the residual effect of fertilization with fermented compost in carrot succession. The agronomic parameters evaluated in the stand crop performance were fresh biomass yield (ton ha^-1), dry biomass yield (ton ha^-1) and leaf area (cm²). At the end of the productive cycles, in the two agricultural years, the cost of production data for each treatment were compared with the gross income data for the estimation of the net profit and the profitability index of the production model, considering the prices practiced in the circuit of organic fairs and in the wholesale market. It was also carried out in the first and second agricultural years the evaluation of soil biological indicators aiming at a better understanding of the influence of the use of the fermented compost, together with the vegetal cover, in the soil microorganisms. For this purpose, soil samples were collected from the plots submitted to the treatments, 30 days after fertilization with fermented compost, to perform analyzes of Carbon of Microbial Biomass (CBM), Basal Soil Breathing (BSB), Metabolic Quotient (qCO2), enzyme activity of β-glucosidase and fluorescein diacetate hydrolysis evaluation (FDA). Considering the influence of the use of organic fertilizers on soil organic matter dynamics and the need to develop simple and easy to use tools to better understand these phenomena, an incubation test with different soil profiles (Horizon A and B1 of Argissolo Vermelho and Horizon E of a Planossolo Háplico), in a completely randomized design with increasing doses of fermented compost and humus - 0, 20, 40, 80 and 160 ton ha^-1. In this work, the potential of Pfeiffer's Circular Chromatography (PCC) was evaluated to predict organic matter and soil humic fractions. Soil cover made with Cameroon grass did not directly influence the carbon values of the microbial biomass, soil basal respiration, metabolic quotient, β-glicosidase activity, and FDA in the short term. The values of CBM, BSB, qCO2, β-glicosidase activity and the FDA differed statistically as a function of the doses of fermented compost used. The response patterns of the microbiological variables evaluated indicate that the 0.6 kg m^-2 of fermented compost, made from wheat bran and castor bean cake, may present some degree of toxicity to soil microbial communities and these communities and they may become resistant to the effect of ricin. In the first year of evaluations the dose of 200 kg of total N ha^-1 (0.530 kg m^-2 of fermented compost), with mulch, showed the highest yield of roots - 73.5 Mg ha^-1. In the second year of cultivation, the dose of 400 kg of total N ha^-1 (1.12 kg m^-2 of fermented compost) with mulch was the one with the highest root yield - 58.36 Mg ha^-1. In the first agricultural year (2015), the treatment that presented the highest profitability index (0.86) for the carrot crop was the dose of 0.530 kg m^-2 of fermented compound (200 kg of total N ha^-1), with utilization of mulch, providing net revenue of R$ 50.42 m^-2. In the agricultural year of 2016, treatment with the dose of 0.560 kg m^-2 of fermented compost (200 kg of total N ha^-1), in the absence of mulch, presented the highest profitability index (0.81), with a net revenue of R$ 35.32 m^-2. Regarding the culture of the bertalha, the highest profitability index (0.52) was provided by the treatment with the dose of 1.06 kg m^-2 (400 kg of total N ha^-1), applied in the carrot culture aiming at the price practiced in the Rio circuit of organic fairs. In the year 2016, due to the low productivity, all the treatments presented a negative profitability index, indicating a loss of the activity. PCC was shown to be a sensitive technique for the prediction of concentration and proportion of fulvic acid fraction and humic acid fraction.

MEMBROS DA BANCA:
Externo à Instituição - EDNALDO DA SILVA ARAÚJO - EMBRAPA
Presidente - 785.371.857-87 - JOSÉ GUILHERME MARINHO GUERRA - EMBRAPA
Externo à Instituição - MANOEL BALTASAR BAPTISTA DA COSTA - UFSCAR
Interno - 345.536.817-49 - NORMA GOUVÊA RUMJANEK - EMBRAPA
Interno - 025.057.037-87 - RAUL DE LUCENA DUARTE RIBEIRO - OUTRO