Banca de DEFESA: ALESSANDRA DE LIMA MACHADO

Uma banca de DEFESA de DOUTORADO foi cadastrada pelo programa.
DISCENTE : ALESSANDRA DE LIMA MACHADO
DATA : 27/02/2019
HORA: 09:00
LOCAL: DEPARTAMENTO DE FITOTECNIA
TÍTULO:

Effects of aluminum and growth inhibitors on pruning management and the development of tree species used in urban tree-planting. 

PALAVRAS-CHAVES:

Aluminum toxicity, herbicide, sprouts, urban trees

PÁGINAS: 110
GRANDE ÁREA: Ciências Agrárias
ÁREA: Agronomia
SUBÁREA: Fitotecnia
ESPECIALIDADE: Fisiologia de Plantas Cultivadas
RESUMO:

The benefits to the urban environment, environmental recovery and carbon sequestration are among the benefits generated by the planting of tree species. The physiological effect of Al inhibits root growth, causing changes in the root morphology and herbicides, such as 2,4-D + picloram, cause different phytotoxic effects. Trees in urban areas need pruning to lessen the potential for interference in electrical distribution networks and equipment that can cause harm or risk. Considering these questions, four tree species of multiple uses were studied: Schinus terebinthifolius (aroeira), Bauhinia sp. (legworms), Inga sp. (ingá) and Mimosa caesalpiniifolia (sabiá). This study was divided into three chapters. For the first, an experiment was carried out with complete nutrient solution and increasing doses of Al, aiming to evaluate the effects of Al³⁺ on the initial development of six aroeira genotypes; to identify morphological variables that indicate susceptibility or tolerance of the species to Al³⁺; analyze genetic variability in response to toxicity, and estimate genetic parameters associated with the susceptibility or tolerance character. In the second chapter, field and greenhouse studies were carried out in order to evaluate the chemical formulations of the syrup composed of the mixture of AlCl₃ with 2,4-D + picloram, the isolated action of AlCl₃ , and the formulated solutions in the inhibition of plant growth. In greenhouse Ageratum conyzoides (mentrasto) and aroeira were used. In chapter three, experiments were carried out in the field to evaluate the development and growth of sprouts emerged after pruning in pata-de-vaca, ingá and sabiá trees, due to different types of cutting and application of AlCl₃, 2,4-D + picloram and the mixture of AlCl₃ with 2,4-D + picloram applied in the cut region. A bioassay was performed with the species Cucumis sativus (cucumber) to verify the residual effect of these molecules in the soil. In the field were used herbaceous species grown spontaneously. The addition of AlCl₃ and AlCl₃ + 2,4-D + picloram decreased the pH and increased the electrical conductivity of the formulated syrup. The results indicated that AlCl₃ caused morphological changes in the roots of the six genotypes of aroeira, which were sensitive to their toxicity, with genetic variability among them. It was verified that the variables, root growth, root growth rate and relative root elongation were more appropriate to the evaluation of the toxic effects of Al on a Schinus terebinthifolius seedlings. Isolated AlCl₃ inhibited the development without causing plant death. Mixtures of AlCl₃ with 2,4-D + picloram showed the potential to become new alternatives in the chemical control of plants. Cutting close to main trunk, without application of chemicals was efficient to reduce the appearance of sprouts in Bauhinia sp, but not in Inga sp. The mixture of 60 mM AlCl ₃ with 2,4-D + picloram at 1% was efficient to inhibit the growth and development of sprouts in Inga sp without occurrence of residual effects in the soil. The solution of 2,4-D + picloram at 1% was sufficient to inhibit the growth and development of sprouts in Inga sp.

MEMBROS DA BANCA:
Presidente - 387256 - JORGE JACOB NETO
Externo ao Programa - 2870981 - ALEXANDRE PORTO SALMI
Externo à Instituição - ALEXANDER SILVA DE RESENDE
Externo à Instituição - SILVIA REGINA GOI
Externo à Instituição - VERA LUCIA DIVAN BALDANI