Banca de DEFESA: DEBORA MARIA SANTOS ALVES

Uma banca de DEFESA de MESTRADO foi cadastrada pelo programa.
STUDENT : DEBORA MARIA SANTOS ALVES
DATE: 25/03/2021
TIME: 09:00
LOCAL: PPGF, Defesa online
TITLE:

Effect of fertilization management on the relationship between yield and protein content in grains of genotypes of Vigna unguiculata (L) Walp.

KEY WORDS:

Cowpea, reserve grain proteins content, grain amino acids content.

PAGES: 66
BIG AREA: Ciências Agrárias
AREA: Agronomia
SUBÁREA: Fitotecnia
SPECIALTY: Fisiologia de Plantas Cultivadas
SUMMARY:

Among the grain legumes, cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.] have a high nutritional value associated with a low production cost, and thus, it is an important crop to produce food for the population living in marginal areas for agriculture. Its average yield is usually below its potential since the crop is traditionally cultivated by small low-tech producers. In addition, low yield may also be associated with soil fertility management, especially nitrogen and phosphorus. Although it is not common to fertilize the crop, several studies show that nitrogen and phosphate fertilization can contribute to increased yield and assist in the formation of seeds with quality, showing the positive effect of N and Pi on the crop. On the other hand, it is shown that cowpea has high protein content (18 -35%) in the grain. Unlike cereals, legumes generally have a deficiency in sulfurous amino acids and are rich in lysine. In general, globulins are the protein fractions most common in cowpea, followed by albumins, acid glutelins, basic glutelins, and prolamine, but these contents can vary by several factors such as genotype, management, climate, among others. Thus, the present study aimed to evaluate the relationship between fertilization management, yield, and protein content of grains of contrasting protein content cowpea genotypes in two experiments: the first, using the commercial genotype BR17 Gurguéia and the local genotype EPACE-10, evaluating the moment for cover N fertilization: at 25 DAP or at full flowering; and the second, with the commercial genotype BRS Novaera and the local genotype EPACE-10 evaluating the effect of fertilization in pre-flowering with MAP and thus, the effect of Pi on the crop. Chlorophyll a fluorescence emission, leaf area and shoot dry mass, and leaf soluble protein content (LSPC) measurements were performed for four distinct phenological stages and at the end of the cycle, the production components of both experiments were evaluated. The protein content and the amino acid content in the grain were only evaluated in the first experiment, as well as the evaluation of nodulation was only done in the second experiment. In the first experiment, EPACE-10 showed lower productivity but associated with high protein content in all treatments, while BR17 Gurguéia, which presented high yield, showed low protein content, suggesting a negative correlation between productivity and protein content in the bean grain. The LSPC in the grain filling stage had a negative correlation with yield in the G1 treatment, which may indicate that there was greater remobilization of leaf N for the grain. In general, EPACE-10 showed an increase in yield with the management of the time and source of fertilization, when compared to the control treatment. BRS Novaera did not show any increase in yield due to the fertilization with MAP in pre-flowering, since its control treatment obtained the highest averages for yield.

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