Banca de DEFESA: CYNDI DOS SANTOS FERREIRA

Uma banca de DEFESA de MESTRADO foi cadastrada pelo programa.
STUDENT : CYNDI DOS SANTOS FERREIRA
DATE: 23/08/2024
TIME: 09:00
LOCAL: Sala 24 do departamento de solos.
TITLE:

Soil quality indicators in areas under different management systems in a mountain environment in the state of Rio de Janeiro.

KEY WORDS:

Soil attributes. Soil conservation. Sustainability.

PAGES: 83
BIG AREA: Ciências Agrárias
AREA: Agronomia
SUBÁREA: Ciência do Solo
SUMMARY:

Mountain environments are highly vulnerable to climatic events due to their rugged topography and shallow soils, which can result in landslides, erosion, and degradation. The maintenance and preservation of soil attributes are essential to maintaining environmental quality. However, one of the main challenges is the development of indicators that assess the degree of degradation of these agroecosystems. Considering that a good indicator should be able to reflect the functioning of the ecosystem, as well as allow the identification of forms of disturbances and be economically viable, chemical, physical, and biological soil indicators act complementarily to help understand the changes occurring in the environment. The objectives of the study were to conduct a survey on agriculture in mountain environments, given the scarcity of information about these areas, and to evaluate the chemical, physical, and biological attributes in areas with different management histories in the mountainous region of the state of Rio de Janeiro. For the study, three areas located in the municipality of Sumidouro, in the mountainous region of the state of Rio de Janeiro, were selected. Soil samples were collected from two cultivated areas, with tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) and corn (Zea mays L.) production, and one secondary forest area. To characterize the chemical attributes of the areas under study, the levels of pH in water, Al⁺³, Ca⁺², Mg⁺², P, K⁺, Na⁺, and H+Al, as well as total organic carbon, particulate organic carbon associated with the sand fraction, carbon associated with minerals, and total nitrogen levels, were evaluated. Regarding physical attributes, soil density, particle density, and weighted average diameter of aggregates were assessed. For biological attributes, the composition of the macrofauna community, fungi and bacteria, the abundance of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), the quantification of glomalin-related soil protein (GRSP), and the activity of the enzymes β-glucosidase and arylsulfatase were evaluated. Conventional cultivation practices in agricultural areas resulted in excess phosphorus in the soils, as well as increased soil density and compaction. The low levels of organic matter observed in agricultural soils indicate that the management practices adopted are not promoting the accumulation of organic matter in the soil. Soil macrofauna, the enzyme arylsulfatase, and fungal and bacterial communities proved to be sensitive indicators of soil quality. Intensive management in mountain areas has resulted in soil degradation, compromising the quality and sustainability of these environments in the long term. Thus, the analyzed attributes act as indicators of soil quality by providing essential data for monitoring these environments, enabling the development of recommendations for sustainable development.

COMMITTEE MEMBERS:
Presidente - ***.320.637-** - MARIA ELIZABETH FERNANDES CORREIA - null
Externa à Instituição - ITAYNARA BATISTA - UFF
Interna - ***.320.637-** - MARIA ELIZABETH FERNANDES CORREIA - EMBRAPA
Externo ao Programa - 2136627 - NIVALDO SCHULTZ - null