Banca de DEFESA: LIVIA BISCHOF PIAN

Uma banca de DEFESA de DOUTORADO foi cadastrada pelo programa.
DISCENTE : LIVIA BISCHOF PIAN
DATA : 25/02/2019
HORA: 09:00
LOCAL: Sala Marcelo Camargo (24) - Depto Solos
TÍTULO:

Influence of Fertilization on Soil Biological and Chemical Attributes and on the Agroeconomic Performance of Vegetables in Organic Systems

PALAVRAS-CHAVES:

KEY WORDS:
Long duration experiment. Fermented compound. Indicators of sustainability. Organic fertilizer.

PÁGINAS: 145
GRANDE ÁREA: Ciências Agrárias
ÁREA: Agronomia
SUBÁREA: Ciência do Solo
ESPECIALIDADE: Microbiologia e Bioquímica do Solo
RESUMO:

SUMMARY:
With the development of agroecology and the demand for production of organic foods, issues that concern the intensification of production systems while maintaining economic, social, environmental and nutritional sustainability are still open, especially in tropical regions. The demand for organic fertilizers that serve organic agriculture is emerging. Plant fertilizers are valid alternatives, however there are doubts as to its efficiency in intensive agroecosystems and demanding crops such as vegetables. The general objective was to evaluate the contribution of fertilization of vegetal origin in the agroeconomic performance of vegetables in organic production system and effect on the biological and chemical attributes of the soil, in the Baixada Fluminense conditions. In chapter 1, the sustainability of a long - term, diversified organic agroecosystem of vegetables based on plant fertilization was evaluated through the characterization of soil biological and chemical attributes, nutrient balance and agroeconomic viability. The evaluated nutrients were: total nitrogen (N), available phosphorus (P) and potassium (K), calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg), pH, organic matter content, total organic carbon COT) and free light fraction (FLL), the dynamics of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, by glomalin and spore density, and flat circular paper chromatography. The nutrient balance was positive for all nutrients in the vegetable production area, thanks to the plant biomass used, and was negative for N, K, Ca and Mg in the area of vegetal biomass production. The levels of pH and P remained stable, whereas K, Ca, COT, FLL and total glomalina presented decrease over the years. The agroecosystem was financially viable in the simulations of sale to the organic and institutional market (Fairs and PNAE), without feasibility for the conventional market (CEASA / RJ). In chapter 2, fermented compounds obtained from raw materials of plant origin were characterized by chemical composition, fermentation pathways and the microbial community, and nitrogen availability and agronomic efficiency were measured in the cultivation of hardwood vegetables in succession. The analogous fermented compound (CFAP) consists of a mixture of wheat bran and castor bean meal. The plant substitute of wheat bran was coffee husk, brewer's residue and elephant grass, and the substitute of castor bean meal was the gliricid meal. The pH had correlation with lactic acid, ethanol and butyric acid, was around 5.2 in the CFAP and increased drastically with the complete replacement by coffee bark or elephant grass and f. castor plant The f. gliricidia maintained the pH stable and decreased the levels of N. The bacterial community highlighted the difference between the compounds with f. castor beans and f. the latter with greater richness and diversity, the CFAP had lower diversity. The Lactobacillars order was predominant in all compounds. The N availability of CFAP was approximately 50%, as were the compounds with f. castor bean and brewery residue. Under field conditions, compounds with f. gliricidia resulted in lower productivities of arugula than with f. castor plant The compound with coffee husk and f. castor bean was the equivalent of CFAP.

MEMBROS DA BANCA:
Presidente - 387406 - RICARDO LUIZ LOURO BERBARA
Interno - 1740899 - ERIKA FLAVIA MACHADO PINHEIRO
Interno - 058.898.198-28 - SEGUNDO SACRAMENTO URQUIAGA CABALLERO - USP
Externo à Instituição - IRENE MARIA CARDOSO - UFV
Externo à Instituição - LUIS HENRIQUE DE BARROS SOARES - EMBRAPA