Soil Fertility Status in the State of Rio de Janeiro: Scenario of Samples Sent to Pesagro-Rio Laboratories, Rural Producer's Perception and Indirect Estimates of Soil Analytical Parameters
Soil Fertility. SoilAnalysis. PotentialAcidity.
This thesis addresses soil fertility in the state of Rio de Janeiro, rural producers’ perceptions of soil quality, and methodologies for determining potential acidity under field conditions. In Chapter 1, the analysis of laboratory data from Pesagro-Rio revealed that soils in Rio de Janeiro are predominantly acidic, except in the Northwestern and Serrana regions, and present low phosphorus and potassium levels, except in horticultural systems. These results reinforce the importance of liming and proper nutrient management for agricultural sustainability. In Chapter 2, the survey of 225 rural producers showed that, although most are satisfied with agricultural activity and soil quality, limitations remain regarding acidity, low phosphorus availability, and compaction. Producers also highlighted socio-environmental problems such as drought and water scarcity, along with dissatisfaction with rural public policies. In Chapter 3, a practical and rapid methodology for determining potential acidity under field conditions was evaluated, using accessible and stable reagents. Results indicated feasibility, although further tests are required to validate its large-scale application. Taken together, the findings highlight the chemical, socioeconomic, and methodological challenges associated with soil management in Rio de Janeiro, emphasizing the urgency of public policies and technological innovations to enhance productivity efficiently and sustainably.