Banca de DEFESA: CAMILA COSTA DE OLIVEIRA

Uma banca de DEFESA de MESTRADO foi cadastrada pelo programa.
DISCENTE : CAMILA COSTA DE OLIVEIRA
DATA : 16/08/2019
HORA: 09:00
LOCAL: UFRRJ, Instituto de Agronomia, Departamento de Solos, sala 24
TÍTULO:

Occurrence of antimicrobial resistance genes in agricultural and legal reserve soils in Nova Friburgo, RJ

PALAVRAS-CHAVES:

Aviculture. Colistin. Composting. Heavy metals. Organic fertilization. Sulfonamide

PÁGINAS: 68
GRANDE ÁREA: Ciências Agrárias
ÁREA: Agronomia
SUBÁREA: Ciência do Solo
ESPECIALIDADE: Microbiologia e Bioquímica do Solo
RESUMO:

Antimicrobial resistance has emerged globally as one of the greatest threats to public health, mainly due to the widespread use of antimicrobial in humans and animal production. The use of animal waste as an organic fertilizer can increase the determinants of antimicrobial resistance in soils and increase its dissemination to commensal bacteria and humans and animal pathogens. Strategies to manage these residues, such as composting, are important tools to ensure the safety of their use as organic fertilizer. In this context, the aim of this study was to evaluate the presence of antimicrobial resistance genes in soils of agricultural crops treated with fresh poultry manure and legal reserve areas near these production areas in Nova Friburgo, RJ, in order to clarify the role of these environments as a reservoir and source of dissemination of antimicrobial resistance. It was also evaluated the effect of the composting process of poultry manure on the prevalence of resistance genes. After the total DNA extraction of the soil samples, the detection of the resistance genes to β-lactamics, colistin and sulfonamides (ampC, mcr-1, sul1 and sul2, respectively) was performed using PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction), followed by a correlation analysis of the presence of the genes in relation to the physical-chemical attributes of soils. The relative abundance of the mcr-1 gene was determined by the qPCR (Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction) technique. The presence of resistance genes was also evaluated at 0, 30, 60, 90 and 120 days of poultry manure composting. There was a significant difference (P < 0.05) between the proportions of genes sul1 and sul2 in the areas of agricultural production and legal reserve, being predominant in the agricultural areas. The mcr-1 gene was detected in all soil samples. The log of relative abundance of the mcr-1 gene ranged from-1.76 (1.81 x 10-² copies of mcr-1/16S rDNA) to -3.12 (7.67 x 10-4 copies of mcr-1/16S rDNA). The blaampC gene was not detected after 30 days of composting. Otherwise, the genes sul1, sul2 and mcr-1 were detected up to 120 days of composting. The use of animal manure provides benefits to the soil, besides being an alternative to the discharge of this residue in the environment, since animal production is an expressive activity of the Brazilian agribusiness. However, it can increase bacteria and resistance genes and promote its dissemination to commensal and pathogenic bacteria of humans and animals. These results reinforce the importance of studies that aimed at elucidating the pathways for the dissemination of antimicrobial resistance genes in agricultural production areas, as well as the factors that interfere in the persistence and dissemination of these genes in the environment, in order to subsidize the implementation of management practices that reduce the risk of spreading resistance, which is a potential threat to public health.

MEMBROS DA BANCA:
Presidente - 1815763 - IRENE DA SILVA COELHO
Externo ao Programa - 1722406 - SHANA DE MATTOS DE OLIVEIRA COELHO
Externo à Instituição - LUC FELICIANUS MARIE ROUWS - EMBRAPA