Banca de DEFESA: FERNANDA REIS CORDEIRO

Uma banca de DEFESA de MESTRADO foi cadastrada pelo programa.
DISCENTE : FERNANDA REIS CORDEIRO
DATA : 13/02/2020
HORA: 09:30
LOCAL: Sala 24 do Departamento de Solos/IA
TÍTULO:

Pedotransfer functions for database standardization, taxonomic classification criteria and magnetic susceptibility in Amazonian Dark Earth.

PALAVRAS-CHAVES:

Standardization of data. Amazonian Dark Earth. Soil classification criteria. Magnetic susceptibility

PÁGINAS: 87
GRANDE ÁREA: Ciências Agrárias
ÁREA: Agronomia
SUBÁREA: Ciência do Solo
RESUMO:

In the Amazon, the soils known as Amazonian Dark Earth (ADE) have as distinctive features the dark colors and high natural fertility. These soils result from the prehistoric human intervention of pre-Columbian cultures, which in their occupation deposited ceramic and lithic artifacts, coal, food, and bone remains. Over the years, the deposition of this materials led to the development of characteristics different from the non-anthropogenic Amazonian soils, such as the high values of pH, calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, carbon stock; high cation exchange capacity and base saturation, and thick A horizons, among others. These characteristics, coupled with the high stability and reactivity of organic matter, induce the high fertility of ADE, which enticed the interest of soil scientists for morphological, physical, and chemical studies of these soils. The ADE has a superficial diagnostic horizon identified as A antrópico according to the Brazilian Soil Classification System (SiBCS, SANTOS et al., 2018). In the international system of soil classification, the World Reference Base for Soil Resource (IUSS WORKING GROUP WRB, 2014), the Amazonian Dark Earth (ADE) are identified by the pretic diagnostic surface horizon. However, the current quantitative criteria for the anthropic horizon (SiBCS) and the pretic horizon (WRB) failed to classify 50% of the profiles considered as ADE, which were compiled from studies in the Amazon region for this work. Another issue is that the profile data in the evaluated works presented inconsistencies in the chemical attribute units, due to the adoption of different laboratory methods. The different units may influence the decisions about the limits of quantitative criteria, mainly for the phosphorus and calcium plus magnesium contents, but no factors were found in the literature that allowed the conversion of these units. Therefore, at first, pedotransfer functions were developed to perform such conversions and to harmonize the chemical database, converting the different units used in the compiled studies. Subsequently, the data were evaluated, and quantitative taxonomic criteria were proposed for the SiBCS Anthropic horizons and for the WRB pretic horizon. The soils profiles reclassification, according to the proposed criteria, shows that 84% of the profiles were included as A antrópico and pretic horizon, respectively in SiBCS and WRB. Additionally, 81% of the profiles were classified as Anthrosols in the WRB, according to the new criteria. Another aspect mentioned in the literature about ADEs is the high magnetic susceptibility (MS), which is related to changes in the structure of the soil minerals caused by heating when fire (burning, bonfires) is used during human occupations. MS can be quickly analyzed through the use of proximal sensors, thus resulting in another way to identify pre-historic human occupation sites. Thus, in this preliminary study, the MS was measured in soil samples from profiles in the Experimental Research Field of Caldeirão, Iranduba municipality, Amazonas State. The soil profiles were identified as anthropic and non-anthropic, where all anthropic samples showed high MS values; and the MS correlated well with other soil attributes.

MEMBROS DA BANCA:
Externo à Instituição - MILTON CÉSAR COSTA CAMPOS - UFAM
Presidente - 387335 - LUCIA HELENA CUNHA DOS ANJOS
Externo à Instituição - WENCESLAU GERALDES TEIXEIRA - OUTRO