Banca de DEFESA: THASSIANY DE CASTRO ALVES

Cover crops and no-tillage: Soil chemical attributes and okra production in organic system

Abelmoschus esculentus, ciclagem de nutrientes, palhada, rotação de cultura, sustentabilidade.

Soil degradation is a scenario of concern for soil and water conservation, in view of this situation the use of no-tillage system and green manure becomes promising alternatives for improving soil attributes and at the same time for organic agriculture. Thus, the objective of the study was to evaluate the use of different cover crops and soil management systems to improve soil quality and crop productivity in an organic production system. The experiment was carried out on the organic property Sítio do Sol located in the municipality of Seropédica, state of Rio de Janeiro, composed of randomized blocks with three replications and a 2 x 6 factorial scheme with two treatments (no-tillage system - NT and conventional soil system - TC ) and subdivided plots with six cover plants grown in isolation (Milheto – Pennisetum glaucum; Crotalaria - Crotalaria juncea and jack bean – Canavalia ensiformis) and in consortium formed by two cocktails with the mixture of cover plants (C1 – cocktail 1 is the 100% mixture of recommended cover plant seeds and C2 – cocktail 2 is the 50% mixture of recommended cover plant seeds) and the last sub treatment is the weed plants kept in the area. In the first chapter, the “Accumulation and release of nutrients from cover crops to the soil” was addressed. nutrients and nutrients in the soil. In the second chapter on “The effect of conservation systems of land use on the total carbon stock and fractions of organic matter”, soil samples were taken in the layers of 0-5, 5-10 and 10-20 cm for the evaluation of organic carbon total and physical fractionation of organic matter constituted by granulometric and densimetric fractionation of organic matter. Finally, in chapter three, the topic “Okra productivity and soil nutrient balance in an organic farming system” was addressed. by leaf analysis of the crop to determine nutrient concentrations and finally the productivity of okra in organic system. The results found indicate the use of grasses to cover the soil and legumes to provide nutrients, the two together are promising as cocktails in the area. Regarding the chemical attributes of the soil, they showed that in the pit and between the rows, the NT needs more time to build soil fertility, but in relation to the total organic carbon and in the soil fractions in the evaluated years 2019 and 2022, the NT guaranteed an increase in the content of organic matter in the soil and its compartments. Okra showed higher content and accumulation from NT and C1, but productivity was higher in SPC due to factors such as higher plant stand in this system