Banca de DEFESA: MARIA JOÃO FERREIRA CARNEIRO DOS SANTOS PIRES

Uma banca de DEFESA de MESTRADO foi cadastrada pelo programa.
STUDENT : MARIA JOÃO FERREIRA CARNEIRO DOS SANTOS PIRES
DATE: 30/05/2023
TIME: 09:00
LOCAL: sala 24 do departamento de solos
TITLE:

Urban agriculture as an environment for the conservation of biodiversity of the edaphic fauna in the West Zone of the Municipality of Rio de Janeiro.

KEY WORDS:

soil mesofauna, eartworms, Agroecology, Sertão Carioca, urban landscape

PAGES: 73
BIG AREA: Ciências Agrárias
AREA: Agronomia
SUBÁREA: Ciência do Solo
SUMMARY:

The practice of urban and peri-urban agriculture is an important alternative for food security and income generation for communities at social risk. However, beyond this perspective, urban agriculture is a tradition in the West Zone of the city of Rio de Janeiro, whose agricultural activities, in various cycles, date back to the 18th century. Currently, agroecological urban agriculture areas can also be seen as important remnants of biodiversity and providers of ecosystem services for more urbanized areas. The objective of this study was to evaluate the ability of agroecological urban agriculture areas to promote the conservation of soil fauna biodiversity. In addition, the objective was also to evaluate which soil attributes and landscape features most interfere with the occurrence and density of soil fauna. For this, 15 areas of urban agriculture were selected in the neighborhoods of Campo Grande and Vargem Grande, in the West Zone of the city of Rio de Janeiro, with vegetable planting, annual mixed crops, banana and persimmon cultivation predominantly under an agroforestry system. In each area, a transect was established with three sampling points, in which the soil mesofauna was sampled with a specific auger, in which litter and soil up to 10 cm were collected; earthworms sampled by the TSBF method at a depth of 0-10 cm and soil at the same depth for routine analysis of fertility and soil texture. Data were analyzed using a sequence of multivariate techniques, first using principal component analysis (PCA) to select soil attributes, representing the local scale of influence and percentages of landscape features: tree stratum, urbanized area, land cover by grasses, banana cultivation, other crops and exposed soil. The measurements of the percentages of the landscape features were performed using two buffers around the sampled area, 500 m and 250 m. For the selection of groups of fauna a multidimensional scaling analysis (NMDS) was performed. The determination of environmental factors at the local scale and at the 500 m and 250 m scales was carried out using the analysis of generalized linear models (GLM), through which it was possible to select models composed of variables that determine the occurrence and density of different groups of soil fauna selected. The most abundant groups were Acari, Collembola Entomobryomorpha and Formicidae. In the cultivated areas, Acari was the dominant group, while in the reference forest Entomobryomorpha was the most abundant group. At the local scale, pH was the attribute that most recurrently composed the models, and often with a negative sign, showing an inverse relationship between the pH value and the density of the faunal group. This result suggests pH as a good indicator for correlations with soil mesofauna and also with earthworms. The evaluation scale with a 500 m buffer did not present models that could clearly explain the influence of landscape features on soil fauna. The models selected for the 250 m scale, in turn, were able to select groups with greater affinity for crops and highly anthropized areas. As a conclusion of this work, it was observed that the areas of agroecological urban agriculture can maintain an abundant and diverse community of soil fauna, but with a different structure from that found in the native forest area used as a reference.

COMMITTEE MEMBERS:
Externo à Instituição - LUIZ FERNANDO DUARTE DE MORAES - EMBRAPA
Interno - 1060711 - MARCOS GERVASIO PEREIRA
Presidente - ***.320.637-** - MARIA ELIZABETH FERNANDES CORREIA - EMBRAPA