Banca de DEFESA: JULIANA FERREIRA NUNES

Uma banca de DEFESA de MESTRADO foi cadastrada pelo programa.
STUDENT : JULIANA FERREIRA NUNES
DATE: 23/05/2023
TIME: 14:00
LOCAL: sala 24 do departamento de solos
TITLE:

Microbiological Quality and Antimicrobial Resistance Profile in Wastewater and Impact on Soil Bacterial Diversity

KEY WORDS:

Slaughterhouse. Poultry. Coliforms. Wastewater. Antimicrobial resistance.

PAGES: 59
BIG AREA: Ciências Agrárias
AREA: Agronomia
SUBÁREA: Ciência do Solo
SUMMARY:

The slaughter process generates a volume of effluents that can accumulate along the slaughter chain. The effluents generated, when discharged into water bodies without proper treatment, act as a source of environmental contamination by pathogens, in addition to disseminating in bacteria of clinical importance or not, resistant to antimicrobials  . Bacterial resistance is a global health problem and is increasingly spreading in non-nosocomial environments. Once the effluents are discarded in the rivers and this water can be used later in irrigated agriculture, the contamination and dispersion of pathogens becomes even greater, and more worrisome, and may cause infections in the population that has direct contact with the river, in rural workers who work directly in the management of crops, in addition to causing an imbalance in the resistome and soil diversity. Thus, the objective of this work was to analyze the microbiological quality of the circulating waters of an avian slaughterhouse and soils in properties around it, which use, or not, the river water as a source for irrigation of agricultural cultivars, through the microbiological indicators thermotolerant coliforms and Salmonella. The objective was also to evaluate the resistance phenotype of bacterial isolates from the collected samples to obtain an epidemiological screening of bacterial resistance to antimicrobials.  The samples were collected in the municipality of São José do Vale do Rio Preto, in Rio de Janeiro.  Three water samples were collected at four different points: water from the stream (P1), raw effluent (P2), treated effluent (P3) and the slaughterhouse's own treatment plant (P4); a soil collection in a forest area (A), on a property upstream of the slaughterhouse (B) and another downstream of the slaughterhouse (C). For the determination of the microbiological quality, the multi-tube technique was performed using the Most Probable Number (MPN) method, and the diffusion disc method recommended by BrCast was used for the antimicrobial susceptibility test, and 13 antimicrobials were tested: 11 beta-lactams, including 2nd, 3rd and 4th generation cephalosporins, monobactams and carbapenems, 1 fluoroquinolone and 1 aminoglycoside, with tests for ESBL, AmpC and carbapenemase.  The level of thermotolerant coliforms in the stream samples were within the established legislation, while the raw effluent and the treated effluent exceeded the maximum limit established by the CONAMA legislation (1000 NMP/100 mL). In the soils, thermotolerant coliforms were absent. Salmonella was absent in all samplesevaluated Foram isolated 178 bacterial strains, 104 from soils and 74 from waters, within the families Enterobacteriaceae (Citrobacter, Enterobacter, Klebsiella and Serratia) and Pseudomoneaceae (Pseudomonas). Enterobacter bugandecensis was the abundant species in total, isolated in 6 of the 7 collection points, being the most found species in the soils.  Klebsiella pneumoniae was the most frequent species in water samples, where the production of KPC p AmpC can be observed. No production of beta-lactamases was observed in the soils, but ahigh level of resistance to the antimicrobials amoxicillins+clavulanic acid and cefoxitin, followed by Ciprofloxacin and ertapenem, was observed.  Thus, the data obtained in this work demonstrate the need for a microbiological monitoring in water quality so that it is disposed of through effluent in water bodies as well as to be used in irrigated agriculture. In addition, tracking the dispersion levels of bacterial resistance to antimicrobials helps in the epidemiological screening of antimicrobial resistance.

COMMITTEE MEMBERS:
Externa à Instituição - DANIELLI MONSORES BERTHOLOTO - UFRRJ
Externa à Instituição - GREICIANE FRANÇA BRONZATO DE ALMEIDA - UV
Presidente - 1815763 - IRENE DA SILVA COELHO