Banca de DEFESA: LUIZA D OLIVEIRA SANT ANA

Uma banca de DEFESA de DOUTORADO foi cadastrada pelo programa.
DISCENTE : LUIZA D OLIVEIRA SANT ANA
DATA : 16/08/2019
HORA: 13:00
LOCAL: Sala 50- Professor Otto Gotlieb- Instituto de Química
TÍTULO:

Comparison of analytical methods for the evaluation of the chemical profile of cocaine samples seized in the state of Rio de Janeiro

PALAVRAS-CHAVES:

illicit drugs; adulterant; chemical profiles.

PÁGINAS: 150
GRANDE ÁREA: Ciências Exatas e da Terra
ÁREA: Química
SUBÁREA: Química Orgânica
ESPECIALIDADE: Química dos Produtos Naturais
RESUMO:

One hundred and fifty samples were analyzed for suspected cocaine content. The samples were seized by Polícia Civil do Estado do Rio de Janeiro from the year 2016 to 2017 on the city of Rio de Janeiro, Baixada Fluminense and Costa Verde, and 102 samples showed powder aspect and 13 samples showed crack aspect. The samples were analyzed for cocaine and adulterant contents and for the identification of diluents. The main objective of this work was to evaluate the chemical profile of cocaine (powder and crack), as well as to compare different analysis techniques. The importance of the identification and quantification of cocaine adulterants relies on their pharmacological properties, adverse effects and synergistic activities with cocaine, possibly increasing the duration of the effects, its intensity and toxicity. Preliminary tests (Scott test, Wagner test, AgNO₃ precipitation, iodine / iodide test and acid hydrolysis) were initially conducted to verify the possible presence of cocaine. Cocaine and adulterants were identified and quantified by Gas Chromatography Coupled to Mass Spectroscopy (GC-MS), using commercial standards of caffeine, lidocaine, phenacetin and benzocaine. The cocaine pattern was obtained by purification (> 98%) and was ceded by Prof. DSc. Bruno Sabino (UFRJ / PCERJ). Other adulterants eventually found were identified by Mass Spectrometry with the aid of a commercial library. The detection of diluents (inorganic substances and sugars that are frequently added to cocaine in order to increase yield) was performed by Raman Spectroscopy and Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), using the following commercial standards: calcium carbonate (CaCO₃), sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO₃), aluminum sulphate (Al₂(SO₄)₃), sodium carbonate (Na₂CO₃), starch, sucrose, glucose, lactose and mannitol. The capacity to detect cocaine and adulterants by Raman and FT-IR spectroscopy were also evaluated, according to previous quantification performed by GC-MS. It was verified the efficiency of the preliminary tests, the differences between crack and cocaine chemical profiles and possible differences among the three main criminal gangs of the state of Rio de Janeiro. Cocaine was not identified in only two powder samples. It was observed higher cocaine contents in crack samples, showing an average of 29.77 ± 14.54% of cocaine, compared to an average of 7.31 ± 3.39% in powder samples. The most frequent adulterant identified in powder samples was caffeine, that was present in 93% of the samples, while crack samples were majorly adulterated with phenacetin, that was present in 92% of the samples. Calcium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate and starch were the diluents most frequently found in powder samples, which could be identified by associating the two spectroscopic technics (Raman and FT-IR). It could be observed, by statistical analysis, similarities according to the type of the samples (hydrochloride and freebase) as well as significant differences among certain criminal gangs.

MEMBROS DA BANCA:
Presidente - 1177598 - ROSANE NORA CASTRO
Interno - 1475121 - MARCELO HAWRYLAK HERBST
Interno - 2975644 - VANESSA GOMES KELLY ALMEIDA
Externo à Instituição - ANDRE VINICIUS DOS SANTOS CANUTO
Externo à Instituição - ROSANE ALVES FONTES
Externo à Instituição - FLAVIO DE ALMEIDA VIOLANTE - IFRJ
Externo à Instituição - LEANDRO DA CONCEICAO LUIZ - UFJF