Activism for adequate and healthy eating: movements and disputes around the labeling, advertising and taxation of ultraprocessed foods
food activism; ultra-processed foods; nutritional labeling; food advertising; taxation of ultra-processed products
This thesis investigates the disputes surrounding the regulation of ultra-processed foods in Brazil, analyzing the role of food activism by civil society organizations in shaping and transforming public agendas related to adequate and healthy eating. The analysis highlights the prominent role of the Brazilian Institute for Consumer Defense (Idec) and ACT Health Promotion, organizations that have become key actors in articulating advocacy strategies aimed at food regulation in the country. Starting from a context marked by scientific controversies, conflicts of interest, and processes of social mobilization, the research seeks to understand how these organizations develop political advocacy strategies, produce interpretive frameworks, and build networks of action capable of influencing public debate and decision-making processes in the field of food regulation. The investigation focuses on three central dimensions of this regulatory debate: nutritional labeling, food advertising, and the taxation of ultra-processed products. Methodologically, the study is based on the analysis of institutional documents, public campaigns, legislative debates, and materials disseminated on social media, as well as interviews with members of these organizations, allowing for the mapping of connections among different actors. By mobilizing scientific evidence, public communication campaigns, institutional partnerships, and political coalitions, these organizations contribute to shaping decision-making arenas, increasing the public visibility of the issue, and placing the agenda of adequate and healthy eating on political and institutional agendas. The results indicate that the debate on ultra-processed foods constitutes a complex field of political, economic, and scientific disputes, in which different actors seek to influence the definition of what should be recognized as healthy eating. By shedding light on these dynamics, this thesis aims to contribute to the fields of sociology of food and food policy studies, highlighting how social mobilizations, advocacy strategies, and regulatory processes participate in the contemporary redefinition of food systems.