This research addresses the historical processes of territorialization of peasants who inhabited during the 20th century the upper area of the Nudo del Paramillo, a mountainous region located at south of the Colombian Caribbean coast.  It is an agrarian frontier region, highly biodiverse, marked by dynamics of dispossession of lands and resources, armed conflict (with the presence of paramilitaries and guerrilla groups such as the FARC-EP, or the EPL), as well as strong victimization  of the local population. The first stage describes the socio-territorial configuration of the region since the beginning of the 20th century, when the consolidation of cattle ranches marks the initial processes of capitalist accumulation in the region.  From there, the successive regimes of territorial dispossession are characterized - understood as specific historical moments in which the State and diverse actors exert the dispossession through particular means. Thus, we want to reach the central objective of this investigation: the peasant agency in each dispossession regime.  Through an approach that pays attention to the relations of the use and appropriation of the natural environment, political mechanisms and cultural reproduction, we hope to make visible the trajectories of life and processes of territorialization of rural populations that have survived in this context, observing in what way  In other words, the transformation of their lifestyles throughout their history corresponds to specific forms of resistance and counter-power in the face of territorial domination and dispossession.