Tuberculosis in captive lowland tapirs (Tapirus terrestris) from Brazil
Veterinary pathology, granulomatous pneumonia, histopathology, immunohistochemistry, Perissodactyla
Tapirs are susceptible to mycobacterial infections, especially to tuberculosis caused by M. tuberculosis or M. bovis. Herein, we describe the clinical, pathological, immunohistochemical and molecular findings of four fatal cases of tuberculosis in captive tapirs (Tapirus terrestris) from Brazil. Two tapirs were from Rio de Janeiro state and two tapirs were from Goiás state. Gross lesions were found in the lungs and mediastinic in all cases, and were characterized by multifocally disseminated granulomatous inflammation. Acid-fast bacilli were identified by the Ziehl-Neelsen method and the bacilli were immunolabelled by both anti-M. tuberculosis and anti-M. bovis antibodies. M. tuberculosis var. bovis was isolated in two cases. Molecular examination revealed DNA compatible with M. tuberculosis. Lowland tapirs seem to be highly susceptible to tuberculosis, especially caused by M. tuberculosis var. bovis.