OCCURRENCE OF Dirofilaria immitis (Leidy, 1856) IN DIFFERENT SPECIES OF WILD ANIMALS IN THE METROPOLITAN REGION OF THE STATE OF RIO DE JANEIRO
Wild animals, heartworm disease, immunochromatography
Heartworm disease is a disease caused by the nematode Dirofilaria immitis, a parasite highly widespread in the world, with high prevalence in tropical regions and transmitted by mosquitoes of the genus Culex, Aedes and Anopheles. The worms inhabit the pulmonary arteries and the right side of the heart, causing cardiovascular and pulmonary parenchyma changes. The diagnosis is made by detecting antigens from adult females and by searching for microfilariae in blood samples. Doppler echocardiography can be diagnostic when viewing adult worms, however, as well as chest radiography, they are more used to evaluate and measure the repercussions of the disease. Heartworm is the definitive host for domestic and wild canids, but several species can be affected such as felines, sea lions, mustelids, rodents and, rarely, humans. All of these species may not be definitive hosts for D. immitis and the effects of this parasite on health and ecology are still unclear for many of these species, as well as the possibility of the potential reservoir of these animals. Rio de Janeiro is a Brazilian state endemic for the disease, and the huge number of reservoir animals is a risk and increases the likelihood of disease transmission in less commonly affected species. Thus, the objective of this work is to determine the occurrence of heartworm in wild carnivores coming from care at the Bioparque do Rio, wild animal screening center (CETAS) Seropédica, wild animal recovery center (CRAS) at Estácio de Sá University and wildlife sector of the Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro. Blood samples for D. immitis antigens and microfilariae will be collected. In positive animals, an echocardiogram will be performed to assess the cardiac repercussions caused by the disease.