PATHOLOGY OF SPIRORCHIIDAE TREMATODE INFECTION (Digenea: Schistosomatoidea) IN GREEN TURTLES (Chelonia mydas) IN THE CAMPOS BASIN, RIO DE JANEIRO
Marine animals, biodiversity conservation, helminths.
Blood flukes causes one of the most common diseases in sea turtles. Eggs and the adult form of trematodes are mainly found in the heart, liver, lung, spleen, and gastrointestinal tract. The objective of this work was to diagnose a series of cases and study the injuries caused by spirorchids in green turtles in Rio de Janeiro, diagnosed in the Setor de Anatomia Patológica (SAP) of the Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro (UFRuralRJ) from 2020 to 2021 and describe epidemiological and anatomopathological findings. Histopathological examination was performed on 99 green turtles, of which 88.9% (88/99) had parasitic infection. Of the 88 turtles, 86 were juveniles (97.7%), 72.7% (64/88) were females, 22.7% (20/88) were males and 4.5% (4/88) were individuals. of indeterminate sex. Acute 1.1% (1/88), subacute 7.7% (7/88) and chronic 90.9% (80/88) inflammatory reactions were observed by histopathology. In 13.6% (12/88) turtles, adult blood flukes were found and their eggs. In 86.4% (76/88), turtles were found only eggs. The spleen 88.6% (78/88), lungs 65.8% (52/88), small intestine 62.9% (39/88) and stomach 55.3% (21/88) were the organs with the highest amount of eggs. Adult trematodes found in the histological lesions in order of occurrence were observed in the esophagus, stomach, small intestine, kidney, spleen, lung, liver and heart. The present study provided high prevalence results in a series of cases of Spirochiid infections in green turtles (Chelonia mydas), however, further studies are needed on the pathogenesis and biological cycle of the trematodes of the Spirorchiidae family.