Electromyography and Muscle Ultrasound in Jumping Horses Training on a Treadmill
Electromyography; Muscle hypertrophy; Training; Jumping horse.
This study aims to investigate the evolution of muscle performance in show jumping horses with a complementary training program on a treadmill using electromyography and ultrasound of the triceps brachii (long head), tensor fasciae latae, gluteus medius, and biceps femoris muscles. Twenty-one show jumping horses will be used, divided into three groups: Professional group (n = 7), composed of experienced and high-performance animals; Student group (n = 7) and control group (n = 7), the latter composed of horses used for instruction in the Show Jumping discipline of the Riding Instructor Course. All participating animals will be previously evaluated for health and well-being. The complementary training protocol on a treadmill will be preceded by adaptation phases and will consist of exercises at variable speed, walk, trot, and gallop, and progressive treadmill inclination. Three trials will be conducted to collect data from the horses, at the beginning, middle, and end of the training period. Electromyography analyses will be performed on a treadmill with bilateral evaluation of the selected muscles. Thickness measurements of the selected muscles will be collected from ultrasound examinations to assess hypertrophy. It is expected that the training will result in positive improvements in the athletic performance of the horses.