ELASTOGRAPHIC EVALUATION OF ADRENAL GLANDS IN DOGS WITH HYPERCORTISOLISM
cortisol, veterinary endocrinology, ultrasound
Elastography is a promising technique for assessing adrenal tissue stiffness in dogs with hypercortisolism. This study compared 30 dogs, 15 healthy (control group) and 15 diagnosed with hypercortisolism, confirmed by the low-dose dexamethasone suppression test (n = 11) or ACTH stimulation test (n = 4). Ultrasound measurements revealed a significant increase in adrenal gland size, especially in the left adrenal gland, with changes more frequent in the cranial pole (86.7%, p = 0.00003) and caudal pole (80%, p = 0.00005). Qualitative elastography indicated varied tissue stiffness patterns in the diseased dogs, with a predominance of mixed patterns (46.7%), while dogs in the control group presented uniform moderate stiffness. Semiquantitative analysis demonstrated that the adrenal glands of the diseased dogs were significantly stiffer compared to the adjacent mesentery, with variations from 33% to 80% stiffer. The Mann-Whitney test revealed statistically significant differences in adrenal stiffness between groups (U = 4.500; Z = -4.621; p < 0.001). These findings suggest that elastography, combined with conventional ultrasonography, may be an effective complementary diagnostic tool in the detection of adrenal alterations in dogs with hypercortisolism.