Anaplasmataceae research in wild animals rescued in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Anaplasma sp., bacteria, hemoparasites, Coendou spinosus.
Hemoparasites are responsible for causing great damage to the health of animals, whether they are production, companion or wild. Many pathogens have zoonotic potential and represent an important public health topic. In this sense, the objective of the present study was to detect the infection by bacteria of the Anaplasmataceae family in wild animals from the Clínica de Reabilitação de Animais Silvestres (CRAS) of the Universidade Estácio de Sá, municipality of Rio de Janeiro, state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Blood samples were collected from 148 birds, 52 mammals and 20 reptiles, totaling 220 animals, from January 2019 to August 2021. The samples were identified e conditioned to posterior processing at the Laboratory for Cultivation of Cells and Hemoparasites of the Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRRJ), where they were subjected to DNA extraction. The samples were subjected to nested-PCR and conventional PCR techniques for the detection of the target DNA corresponding to 16S rDNA, gltA e GroEL genes of Anaplasmataceae, as well as specific targets to the genus Anaplasma spp. (16 rDNA and rpoB) and Ehrlichia spp. (Dsb). After all assays, the Anaplasma sp. DNA was detected only in one specimen of Coendou spinosus by the amplification of the 16S rDNA and GroEL genes. At sequencing of the amplifying products, the corresponding sample positive to Anaplasma sp. presenting the follow identity: 99,4% with Anaplasma sp. (830/835) decribed in dromedary in 16S rDNA gene and 81,11% with Anaplasma platys at GroEL gene. In this way, it demonstrates that wild animals can be infected by these bacteria, can act as a reservoir and maintainers of the epidemiological cycle of important pathogens for animal and human health.