Banca de DEFESA: NATHALIA ALVES DE SENNE

Uma banca de DEFESA de DOUTORADO foi cadastrada pelo programa.
STUDENT : NATHALIA ALVES DE SENNE
DATE: 11/04/2022
TIME: 13:30
LOCAL: Google Meet
TITLE:

Seasonality, spatial analysis and molecular characterization of
Leishmania sp. (Trypanosomatida: Trypanosomatidae) in sandflies (Diptera:Psychodidae)
captured in endemic areas for American tegumentary leishmaniasis in the municipality
of Seropédica, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

KEY WORDS:

Sand flies, seasonality, extraction methods, Leishmania sp., sources
food

PAGES: 97
BIG AREA: Ciências Agrárias
AREA: Medicina Veterinária
SUBÁREA: Medicina Veterinária Preventiva
SPECIALTY: Epidemiologia Animal
SUMMARY:

Sandflies are the main vectors of leishmaniasis, a neglected zoonotic disease
of great importance for public health, caused by the protozoan of the genus Leishmania.
The aim of this study was to robustly assess the dynamics, the spatial distribution, the
seasonality, food predilection and infection rate of sandflies captured in
Seropédica, in Rio de Janeiro. Collections were carried out in five districts of the city: Valão
das Louças, São Miguel, Santa Sofia, Campo Lindo and Fazenda Caxias. the sand flies
were captured in the period from August 2016 to July 2018 and the number of specimens
was correlated to climatic variables (temperature, humidity and precipitation) for the study
of seasonality. Males were identified by morphology and females were
for molecular analysis. For carrying out the DNA extractions of the
females, four extraction protocols were tested: Phenolchloroform, HotShot, Salting out
and Blood & Tissue QIAGEN® commercial kit. To compare the data, a
amplification intensity scale obtained in conventional PCR, with gene target
constitutive coxI. Analysis of food source identification and infection rate of
sandflies by Leishmania spp. were carried out with all females fed.
captured. For the identification of food sources, the multiplex PCR technique was applied
real-time targeting on the cytochrome b gene of several animals. The determination of the rate of
infection of sandflies was performed by real-time PCR technique with target on
mkDNA gene of the protozoan. 

The positive sandfly species were identified by
gene sequencing by the Sanger method. Infection rate data and species of
positive sandflies were interpolated with the geographic coordinates of each point of
capture in QGIS software 3.14.15. The two main species identified by morphology
were Nyssomyia intermedia and Migonemyia migonei. A positive correlation was observed and
moderate between the number of sandflies and the climatic variables of temperature and
rainfall index. The most cost-effective extraction protocol for
sandflies was phenolchloroform, with the highest amplification rate and lowest mean of
inhibition. Of the total of 360 fed females, 6.11% were positive for the gender
Leishmania and according to genetic sequencing, belonging to species N.
intermedia Nyssomyia whitmani and M. migonei. According to the source detection analysis
food, the three main species of preference for sandflies were humans, the
chickens and dogs. According to the Kernel map, it was possible to observe positive points of
greater intensity in rural areas of the municipality. According to the study, it was possible
identify that rural areas have a higher risk of infection for the disease and that
main species of vectors related to LTA transmission in Rio de Janeiro, then
present in the municipality of Seropédica, with seasonal variation under the influence of temperature and
precipitation, it is essential to adopt a control measure to prevent
effective, the emergence of new cases of the disease in the region.

BANKING MEMBERS:
Interna - 2860277 - ISABELE DA COSTA ANGELO
Interna - 3103528 - CLAUDIA BEZERRA DA SILVA
Interna - 3103478 - MARISTELA PECKLE PEIXOTO
Externo à Instituição - JACENIR REIS DOS SANTOS MALLET
Externa à Instituição - DANIELE PEREIRA DE CASTRO - FIOCRUZ
Externa à Instituição - DANIELA DE PITA PEREIRA - FIOCRUZ
Externa à Instituição - SAMARA GRACIANE DA COSTA LATGÉ - FIOCRUZ