TICKS Amblyomma SPP. OF NEOTROPICAL REGION: SITEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS ON SEASONAL DISTRIBUITION
Seasonal dynamics; Neotropical region; Effect sizes; Amblyomma genus; Comparative analysis
In this thesis, we aimed to elucidate aspects of the seasonal dynamics in the Neotropical region of one of the most significant tick genera for public health, the genus Amblyomma Koch, 1844. To achieve this, we conducted a review of research methods in systematic reviews and meta-analyses. Furthermore, a systematic review was also performed, dividing this thesis into two chapters. The systematic review encompassed 3542 studies available in the Scopus, Web of Science, and the Catálogo de Teses e Dissertações da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES). These studies were collected using the search terms "prevalence," "intensity," "abundance," "seasonal," and "Amblyomma." After applying predefined filtering criteria, 51 studies were included in the database used for this study. The data gathered from these studies enabled the calculation of effect sizes and subsequently the construction of meta-analytical models to examine the direction of this metric. It was determined that positive values corresponded to a higher occurrence during the dry season, while the opposite was established for the rainy season. Based on the data used in this meta-analysis, it was demonstrated that there is no single direction regarding the seasonality of Amblyomma. Although post-embryonic stages exhibited directed effects towards different seasons, such as immatures being associated with the dry season and adults with the rainy season, some species do seem to exhibit marked seasonality. However, this may vary depending on the index studied. There is a need for the expansion of databases and their standardization to ensure greater comparability among studies.