Banca de QUALIFICAÇÃO: THERESSE CAMILLE NASCIMENTO HOLMSTROM

Uma banca de QUALIFICAÇÃO de DOUTORADO foi cadastrada pelo programa.
STUDENT : THERESSE CAMILLE NASCIMENTO HOLMSTROM
DATE: 27/01/2022
TIME: 10:00
LOCAL: Sala 74 - Instituto de Veterinária - sala virtual zoom
TITLE:

Challenges in the characterization and analysis of antimicrobial resistance of bacterial species from different animal 

environments with a One Health approach

KEY WORDS:

bacterial pathogens, resistance genes, One Health

PAGES: 110
BIG AREA: Ciências Agrárias
AREA: Medicina Veterinária
SUBÁREA: Medicina Veterinária Preventiva
SPECIALTY: Doenças Infecciosas de Animais
SUMMARY:

 Over the last decades, multiple factors such as the strengthening of the relationship between humans and pets, environmental changes resulting from the urbanization of peri-urban and rural areas, the significant intensification of animal production have led to a significant change in the human-animal dynamics with consequently increased circulation of bacterial pathogens between humans and animals and the emergence and re-emergence of diseases. Identifying emerging bacteria in the routine of veterinary diagnosis has been presented as a great challenge. Generally, these pathogens do not have reference studies from samples from the animal environment, and sometimes methodologies developed for samples of human origin are not effective for its identification. Another aspect associated with this emergence is the circulation of resistance genes, pointing to the importance of characterizing the antimicrobial resistance of bacterial species from different animal environments. This work characterized bacterial species and their respective resistance profile from wild animals, poultry production, and clinical laboratory samples of different species. Samples from different wild animal species, such as maritacas, jabutism, cachorro do mato and mão pelada, provided 103 isolates of the Enterobacterales family, 28 Staphylococcus spp, 2 Streptococcus spp and 1 Enterococcus spp. A strain of Pantoea dispersa isolated from maritaca was detected harboring the colistin resistance gene mcr-9. From the tortoise samples, 2 samples were detected presenting the blaTEM resistance gene, 1 presented the blaCTX gene and 1 presented both genes. Among the samples of poultry production, Enteobacterales strains revealed 45.45% (20/44) of ESBL-producing strains, with 35% (9/20) blaSHV, 20% (4/20) blaCTX-M, 15% ( 3/20) blaTEM, 10% (2/20) showing the blaSHV and blaCTX genes, and 10% (2/20) showing blaSHV and blaTEM, simultaneously. Among the 51 strains of Enterococcus spp (51 strains), 1 strain of E. faecium from chick cloaca was identified with the vanB gene and in 1 strain of E. faecalis from adult chicken, vanA and vanB were identified simultaneously. Of these same 51 strains, 23.53% (12/51) showed resistance to streptomycin. Among the strains of Staphylococcus spp. 1 isolate with the mecA gene was detected. The poultry litter was also evaluated and 01 positive sample for the blaVIM gene was detected. The 35 samples of Acinetobacter spp. were identified by proteomic, genotypic and sequencing analysis, to assess the difference between the techniques, the Kappa test was used to compare MALDI-TOF and PCR, MALDI-TOF and rpoB, PCR and rpoB, and between the three techniques. The resistance profile of these samples was also evaluated, with 54.28% (19/35) classified as MDR, 51.42% (18/35) had 01 or more ESBL genes, with 04 strains with the blaCTX gene, 01 strain with blaSHV, 09 strains with blaTEM, 03 strains with blaCTX and blaTEM and 01 strain with blaSHV and blaTEM. The present work sought to identify bacteria and detect resistance genes in different veterinary environments. This is a big challenge mainly because there are still few works and phenotypic analysis standards on animal themes. The role of wild, production, or companion animal has great participation in disseminating resistance gene in the environment, emphasizing One Health and generating an alert as to the focus of new studies to understand and evaluate veterinary environments.

BANKING MEMBERS:
Presidente - 2212438 - MILIANE MOREIRA SOARES DE SOUZA
Externo à Instituição - CLAUDIO MARCOS ROCHA DE SOUZA - FIOCRUZ
Externa à Instituição - GRAZIELI MABONI