DIVERSITY AND DISTRIBUTION OF FUNGI AND COCCIDIAN PARASITES OF WILD BIRDS FROM TWO DIFFERENT PHYTOPHYSIOGNOMIES IN THE STATE OF RIO DE JANEIRO
Passeriformes; Microbiota; Environment
Deforestation in the Atlantic Forest of Brazil has significantly impacted its flora, fauna and microbiota. Despite this, the fungal diversity present in these ecosystems is poorly understood. This research investigated the interaction between fungi and birds, considering that the specific morphological and physiological characteristics of birds can influence their susceptibility to colonization by these microorganisms. 238 samples were collected from 119 wild birds (119 feathers and 119 feces) in the Itatiaia National Park and Marambaia Island, in southeastern Brazil. The filamentous fungi isolated from these samples were identified based on macroscopic, microscopic and molecular characteristics. Among birds, Aspergillus spp., Mucor spp., Cladosporium spp., Fusarium spp., Penicillium spp. and Syncephalastrum spp. were the most abundantly identified. In litter samples, Aspergillus spp., Fusarium spp. and Penicillium spp. predominated. These results demonstrate the presence of species of saprophytic fungi in the feathers and feces of wild birds, as well as in the environmental litter. The research highlights the need for additional studies to understand changes in the microbiota profile as a result of anthropization and its impact on bird health and environmental recovery.