Banca de QUALIFICAÇÃO: ROSA DA SILVA SANTOS

Uma banca de QUALIFICAÇÃO de DOUTORADO foi cadastrada pelo programa.
DISCENTE : ROSA DA SILVA SANTOS
DATA : 17/04/2019
HORA: 09:00
LOCAL: sala 34 do ICBS
TÍTULO:

Association between body ecomorphology, otolith ecomorphology and foraging habits of the ichthyofauna accompanying shrimp trawling in Sepetiba Bay, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

PALAVRAS-CHAVES:

accompanying fauna, coastal fish, otoliths, diet, form, Sepetiba Bay

PÁGINAS: 134
GRANDE ÁREA: Ciências Biológicas
ÁREA: Ecologia
SUBÁREA: Ecologia Aplicada
RESUMO:

Ecomorphology is the study of the relationships between individuals' body shape and their
ecological function, based on the comparison between patterns of variation in shape and
patterns of variation of morphological attributes such as eating habits and niche exploration
(NORTON et al. al. 1995). Based on this principle, we sought to analyze the relationship
between the body ecomorphology, ecomorphology of the sagittae otoliths and feeding habits
of the species, in order to identify possible links between these three different approaches for
the ichthyofauna accompanying of the shrimp trawling in Sepetiba Bay . The accompanying
ichthyofauna was composed of small individuals (subadults) and comprised 22 species. In the
First Chapter, 17 morphometric measurements were taken for the calculation of 10
ecomorphological attributes, which were used to interpret the life habits and a better
understanding of the adaptations and occupation of different habitats. The Principal
Components Analysis applied to the ecomorphological attributes allowed the identification of
eight groups of fish. The ecomorphological attributes that most influenced the division of the
groups were compression index (CI), caudal peduncle compression index (ICPCd), relative
height (RA), relative eye position (PRO) and relative head length (CRC). Therefore, the fish that
stood out most in this analysis were the Pleuronectiformes (with higher bodies and more
lateral tablets) and the Scorpaeniformes (with dorsally positioned eyes), demonstrating
different ways to explore the environment. In the Second Chapter, the cluster analysis on the
contour data of the otoliths (Fourier Ellipses Analysis - EFA) resulted in the identification of 9
groups, and the analysis on the morphometric data identified 7 groups influenced mainly by
the size of the otoliths, and by the circularity. The different forms of clusters suggest different
forms of otoliths with different functions, from the longer and wider otoliths (meaning greater
auditory capacity with background foraging) to smaller and narrower otoliths with prominent
rostrum (meaning greater swimming capacity and less need for acoustic communication ). A
significant correlation was found between the size of the otoliths in relation to the size of the
fish for benthic species and that they have large otoliths (M. furnieri, P. brasiliensis and O.
ruber). For the other species, the size of the otolith seems to vary little as a function of the size
of the individuals that are mostly juveniles. In the Third Chapter, through the bibliographic

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survey based on secondary data, it can be concluded that the great majority of the species
studied are carnivorous ichthyophaga (13 species), of which three also practice cannibalism.
Two species are iliophages / bentófagos, consuming mainly Crustacea, Molluska and Anellida.
A single species was exclusively herbivorous, preying on phytoplankton components. The
majority of the species had stomachs with unidentified fish remains, evidencing habits of
carnivorous predation. However, the preference for crustaceans (Decapoda, Brachyura,
Mysidacea), annelids (Polychaeta, Nereidae) and molluscs (Gastropoda, Bivalvia, Cephalopoda)
as food items of almost all species was remarkable. The Engraulidae Cetengraulis edentulus
presented high values of ARB, ABO and CRPCd, as well as differentiated otoliths with
prominent rostrum, dentate ventral border and very different eating habit from the rest of the
species sampled. These characteristics constrain this species to remain in an isolated group in
the three chapters. Gerreidae Eucinostomus gula and Eucinostomus argenteus presented
consistent similarity in both body morphology, otolith morphology and eating habits. This
consistent similarity was also found for Menticirrhus americanus and Paralonchurus
brasiliensis, which also remained together in all three chapters. The Pleuronectiformes did not
present consistency and separated in the different approaches of the chapters, but they
always remain close, in neighboring groups, demonstrating a certain level of similarity
between them, depending on the level of cut of the dendograms. Cathorops spixii was not
used in the otolith morphology approach, but it remained with Orthopristis ruber in the
chapters on body morphology and diet. The Sciaenidae stayed together in the body
ecomorphology approach (except S. rastrifer) and separated in the ecomorphology approaches
of the otoliths and diet, maintaining proximity forming neighboring groups in the dendrograms
of the different analyzes. The results showed a correlation between body ecomorphology,
otolith ecomorphology and dietary habits, suggesting that the shape of otoliths may be related
not only to phylogeny but also to habitat use and exploitation.

MEMBROS DA BANCA:
Interno - 387200 - FRANCISCO GERSON ARAUJO
Presidente - 387289 - ILDEMAR FERREIRA
Externo ao Programa - 2143107 - LEONARDO MITRANO NEVES
Externo ao Programa - 1341945 - RAFAEL DE ALMEIDA TUBINO