Banca de DEFESA: RAYANE SORRENTINO RIBEIRO

Uma banca de DEFESA de DOUTORADO foi cadastrada pelo programa.
STUDENT : RAYANE SORRENTINO RIBEIRO
DATE: 27/10/2021
TIME: 14:00
LOCAL: on-line
TITLE:

Contamination of litter, microplastic and chemicals in the marine environment

KEY WORDS:

sampling precision, natural substrate, associated organisms

PAGES: 75
BIG AREA: Ciências Biológicas
AREA: Zoologia
SUBÁREA: Zoologia Aplicada
SUMMARY:

Each year, the impacts caused by human activities on the environment increase.
Human activities cause disturbances due to the intense manufacture and consumption of
synthetic products, chemical compounds, mining, and environmental accidents involving 

pollutants. Nevertheless, inadequate solid waste management, demographic, industrial and
tourist growth, inadequate public sanitation policies, result in favourable scenarios for
environmental contamination, especially in marine environments. Coastal areas have dense
population density, marinas, ports, sewage channels and intense tourist activity, which
aggravates contamination by macro, micro litter and chemical compounds. These contaminants
interact with the biota, where different groups of organisms are physiologically impacted.
About this topic, there are diverse methodologies applied to litter and microplastics (MPs)
studies. Regarding litter, many methodologies used in studies are biased, consequently the
analyses and results are imprecise. As a result, Chapter I approaches methodological concepts
usually used to ecological works, in the analysis of litter collected in Sydney Harbour.
Simulations of different sizes and numbers of sampling units (transects or quadracts) were
performed and the impact of these units on sample precision was calculated. It is noticed that
the choice and definition of sampling design directly reflects on the precision of the litter
sampling. This is a baseline for future studies on the subject and the consequent production of
more precise studies and analyses, not only applicable to litter. Still on methods, Chapter II
reviews and describes methodologies applied to the study of microplastics in crustaceans. This
review included all papers about MP in crustaceans published up to March 2021. In addition
to description of methods, this work supports studies involving MPs in invertebrates, since it
presents criticisms and limitations about methods used so far. Finally, as a case study, Chapter
III analyses the contamination of MPs in different benthic organisms of the coast of Rio de
Janeiro. Contamination was analysed in natural substrate, algae, sponges, and sea squirts,
concomitantly related to MP ingestion by epibiont amphipods. Macroalgae are more
contaminated by MP, as well as their associated organisms. Sponges and ascidians have
different filtering process that influence the accumulation of MP in tissue, as well as its
availability to associated organisms. MPs are considered ecosystem compounds and these
results report the transference of this contamination in different benthic ecological levels and
in sites not previously analysed.

BANKING MEMBERS:
Externa à Instituição - REBECA OLIVEIRA CASTRO - UERJ
Externo à Instituição - ANDRÉ RESENDE DE SENNA - UERJ
Externo à Instituição - FABIO VIEIRA DE ARAUJO - UERJ
Interno - 2289640 - HELIO RICARDO DA SILVA
Externa ao Programa - 1752353 - KARINA ANNES KEUNECKE
Interno - 2143107 - LEONARDO MITRANO NEVES
Externa à Instituição - MELANIE LOPES DA SILVA - UERJ