Banca de DEFESA: MARIA DÁVILA RODRIGUES MACIEL

Uma banca de DEFESA de MESTRADO foi cadastrada pelo programa.
STUDENT : MARIA DÁVILA RODRIGUES MACIEL
DATE: 19/04/2024
TIME: 13:00
LOCAL: on-line
TITLE:

Spatial and temporal dunamics in reef fish assemblages of Ilha Grande Bay – RJ

KEY WORDS:

Spatio-temporal change, Marine Protected Areas, fish assemblages, trophic groups, anthropogenic impacts

PAGES: 73
BIG AREA: Ciências Biológicas
AREA: Zoologia
SUBÁREA: Zoologia Aplicada
SUMMARY:

Reef environments are threatened by multiple disturbances, which operate at different spatial and
temporal scales that promote changes in the diversity, structure and functioning of ecosystems.
Understanding how reef fish assemblages respond to environmental and anthropogenic influences
in space and in the long term is essential to implement management strategies and reduce the
effects of biodiversity loss on reef environments. The present study aimed to investigate, through a
distance gradient from the coast, what changes occurred in reef fish assemblages after 10 years of
expansion of ESEC-Tamoios protection efforts. Underwater visual censuses were carried out on
rocky shores of Ilha Grande Bay, south of the state of Rio de Janeiro, on islands located across a
distance gradient from the coast in four periods, with the closest and intermediate locations being
the coast (area protected by ESEC) sampled in the periods of 2010 and 2019 and locations further
away from the coast (unprotected area) in the periods of 2010/2011 and 2015. An index (Human
Impact Index) was developed to quantify the level of human impact at the sampled sites within the
protected area. Fish assemblage parameters known to respond to long-term human impacts such as
habitat exploitation and destruction (fish assemblage structure, richness, abundance, and diversity
of trophic groups) were recorded, seeking to understand the protective effects of ESEC Tamoios
for the conservation of reef fish species. Multivariate Permutational Analysis of Variance
(PERMANOVA) and Principal Coordinate Analysis (PCO) were used to test and explore spatial
variation in fish assemblage parameters between reefs (near, intermediate, and far from shore) and
between periods (2010 vs. 2019 and 2011/ 2012 vs. 2015). The structure of the fish assemblage did
not vary between the periods at the closest and farthest sites from the coast to the coast, while
significant changes were recorded for the intermediate sites to the coast of restricted access
(PERMANOVA; P < 0.01). The results showed a marked temporal change in the composition of
the reef fish assemblage between the period of 2010 compared to the period of 2019, mainly in
intermediate locations on the coast (Ilha de Búzios). Species targeted by recreational and
underwater fishing were the most affected, especially Epinephelus marginatus (true grouper),
Mycteroperca acutirostris (Badejo-mira) and Sparisoma frondosum (Parrot fish), which were not
recorded in 2019. The trophic groups also differed between the periods, with greater emphasis on
carnivores, scraping herbivores and predators of motile invertebrates. The IIH value was higher in
locations close to the coast (Ilha do Sandri and Ilha da Samambaia), but also showed a high value
for intermediate locations (Ilha dos Búzios). The reef fish assemblage changed from a more diverse
structure, with a greater number of species and abundance of key and important groups for
fisheries, to a less diverse community, dominated mainly by predators of roaming invertebrates.
The decrease in the abundance of large predators and scraping herbivores species targeted by
fisheries indicates that efforts to inspect the marine protected areas of the BIG must be expanded,
in addition to applying more effective management measures.

COMMITTEE MEMBERS:
Externo ao Programa - 1767348 - FABIO SOUTO DE ALMEIDA - nullInterno - 2143107 - LEONARDO MITRANO NEVES
Externo à Instituição - LUIS FELIPE SKINNER - UERJ
Interno - 1341945 - RAFAEL DE ALMEIDA TUBINO
Externo à Instituição - RODRIGO HIPÓLITO TARDIN OLIVEIRA - UFRJ