Banca de DEFESA: CAROLINA DELLA GIUSTINA
Uma banca de DEFESA de DOUTORADO foi cadastrada pelo programa.STUDENT : CAROLINA DELLA GIUSTINA
DATE: 01/10/2020
TIME: 09:00
LOCAL: INSTITUTO DE ZOOTECNIA
TITLE:
Rearing calves in fruit trees silvopastoral systems.
KEY WORDS:
Intercropping, cashew fruit tree, guava fruit tree.
PAGES: 116
BIG AREA: Ciências Agrárias
AREA: Zootecnia
SUBÁREA: Pastagem e Forragicultura
SUMMARY:
GIUSTINA, Carolina Della. Rearing calves in fruit trees silvopastoral systems. 2020. 116p, Thesis (Doctorate in Zootechnics, Animal Production). Instituto de Zootecnia, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, RJ, 2020. The setting of silvopastoral systems is just possible when the interrelationship components are more complementary than competitive, so the aim was to evaluate the intercropping compatibility between fruit trees, pasture and dairy calves to indicate which silvopastoral systems could ensure fruit trees species survival and adequate animal performance in the tropical conditions of Mato Grosso. The experiment was carried out at Embrapa Agrossilvipastoril, Sinop - MT. Data were collected between July 2014 and July 2018. The five silvopastoral systems formed by the evaluated fruit trees were: caja fruit (Spondias mombin), red guava (Psidium guajava) Paloma variety, cashew tree (Anacardium occidentale) Embrapa 51 (EMB51) variety and cashew tree CCP76 variety and acerola fruit (Malpighia glabra) Sertaneja variety with Tifton-85 grass, in a complete randomized block design, with two repetitions. Fruit trees growth, light quality under treetops, forage accumulation and allowance, animal behavior and performance were evaluated, as well as the damage to trees caused by living with animals. The data were analyzed by SAS® and the comparison of means by PDIFF (P <0.01). The caja fruit tree had the greatest height (5.4 m), trunk diameter (23.4 cm) and canopy volume (49.3 m³), and the acerola fruit tree had the lowest stem height (0.25 m), canopy perimeter (7.2 m), canopy projection area (4.4 m2) and canopy volume (9.2 m³). Higher index of leaf area (3.3) and light interception (89.3%) were obtained from the red guava fruit tree. Higher incidences of visible sunlight wavelengths on pasture were in the 2015 rain period and 2017 drought period while, greater differences in the extreme red/red ratio, were in 2015. The height of the pasture and the accumulation of forage of Tifton-85 were higher in systems with acerola and cashew EMB51 fruit trees (averages of 18 cm and 442 kg ha-1, respectively). Forage, leaf and stem accumulation values increased from February to March and decreased in April 2018. The nutritive value of the forage of Tifton-85 grass had small variation between the systems. Greater individual weight gain of the dairy calves happened in the acerola fruit tree system (average of 910 g animal-1 day-1) from January to March 2018 with stocking rates increasing from January to June (4.5 to 6.6 AU ha-1, respectively) and higher in the EMB51 cashew system (6.3 AU ha-1). Higher frequency of feeding activity (69%) and lower rumination (7%) and leisure (26%) were observed in the cashew tree system and the relationship was the inverse for most other systems. Higher frequencies of animals in feeding activity were obtained during the rainy season (72%) and during the afternoon (65%). There was a higher frequency of browse in the acerola tree system (2%). The animals had more shaded area in the cashew and acerola fruit tree systems (33%) and during the afternoon (33%). None of the fruit trees have characteristics that limit animal performance, with both cashew and guava trees indicated and aceroleira and cajazeira not indicated for the composition of silvopastoral systems in northern of Mato Grosso.
BANKING MEMBERS:
Externo à Instituição - MARCELO RIBEIRO ROMANO - EMBRAPA
Externo à Instituição - DIEGO BATISTA XAVIER - EMBRAPA
Externo ao Programa - 3157825 - ADENILSON JOSE PAIVA
Externo ao Programa - 3058101 - ANDRE MORAIS MOURA
Presidente - 1322816 - CARLOS AUGUSTO BRANDAO DE CARVALHO