Martinho da Vila; civil-military dictatorship; censorship; samba; racism.

The dissertation investigates the surveillance and censorship imposed on Martinho da Vila between 1967 and 1988, during the Brazilian civil-military dictatorship, based on the analysis of documents from repressive state agencies, journalistic sources, phonographic records, and specialized historiography. To this end, we situate the sambist within a long-term historical process, in which the repression of Black cultural expressions predates the 1964 coup and is articulated through structural racism. Drawing on the composer's trajectory and his involvement with the samba school Unidos de Vila Isabel, we analyze how Martinho developed strategies of resistance and negotiation with the State, operating within the gaps of the censorship apparatus itself. We conclude that the surveillance imposed on the artist was permanently shaped by a racial and political dimension, through which the regime identified in the national reach of his work and in the popular circulation of samba a threat to the maintenance of the ideological order of the dominant groups.