Beyond the 'Empire of technique': a comparative study on reciprocities and social strategies of engineers Pereira Passos and Paulo de Frontin in the Primeira República (1889-1906
This thesis consists of a comparative study on reciprocities and social strategies of two key figures in the consolidation of civil engineering in the country: Francisco Pereira Passos (1836-1913) and André Gustavo Paulo de Frontin (1860-1933). Throughout the work, we problematize the importance of personal relationships in the trajectory of these figures who became famous with a technical profile. For this, we delimited as object of analysis the core of the networks of relationships of these two engineers, having as main objective to understand the importance of these mechanisms as devices of social insertion. In this sense, we adopted the years 1889 to 1906 as a chronological cut, which covers a broader panorama that begins in a phase of political and economic instability at the beginning of the Republic and ends in the urban reform of Rio de Janeiro in the beginning of the 20th century. Thus, we have the specific objectives of mapping the individuals who we re part of the nucleus of these networks, through kinship, compadrio and friendship ties, in addition to identifying the material and immaterial goods that circulated in these reciprocity circuits, focusing on behavior corporate, business and civil service of these two figures. To help this analysis, we resort to the theory of reciprocity from the field of Social Anthropology, articulated with some reflections on Giovanni Levi's notion of “strategy”. Throughout this research, a diverse set of primary sources was mobilized, which included correspondence, various documents from personal archives, baptismal and marriage books from the Catholic Church, civil registration books of marriage, birth, death and testamentary notarial documentation. , in addition to records of attachment of assets, inventory processes and the sharing of assets in the Judicial District of Rio de Janeiro. We analyzed company registrations at the city's Board of Trade and collected biographica l information published in almanacs, commercial retrospectives, obituaries and news about weddings, baptisms and masses. We also used the journals of the Clube de Engenharia, the Instituto Politécnico Brasileiro and information collected by biographers.