Neopentecostalism; Neoliberalism; Brazilian Civil-Military Dictatorship.
The objective of this research is to comprehend the Universal Church of the Kingdom of God (UCKG) as a complex, pragmatic, religious, and politically active organization from its foundation in 1977 until 2010. We will seek to understand the emergence of this organization within its historical context, taking into consideration themes such as the evangelical expansion led by the Brazilian Civil-Military Dictatorship with the support of American capital, the accelerated and disorganized process of Brazilian urbanization, and the crisis of the 1980s alongside the expansion of neoliberalism. Unlike the “Liberation Theology”, a grassroots Catholic movement that chose to stand with the poor and critique capitalism, neopentecostalism, led by UCKG, opted for the status quo, the ideology of entrepreneurship, and capitalist ethics. Furthermore, we will demonstrate how UCKG and its founder, Edir Macedo, are political actors. Based on his publications, there are two phases of Macedo: the first, in "The Liberation of Theology" (1993), where the author displays a form of disdain for religiosity, other Christian groups, and "worldly" matters. In the second phase, in "The Plan for Power" (2008), the leader and founder of the institution adopts a conciliatory tone and calls on all Christians to take control of the Brazilian state, an endeavor that would be part of a divine project in which God's chosen ones would assume political leadership in the country. Edir Macedo and his institution are political actors who, through religious language, seek to expand their political power using financial and ideological instruments.