In whom does the belly dances? Historical reflections on Egyptian dances based on reports by Eça de Queiroz, second half of the 19th century
Eça de Queiroz, orientalism, Egyptian dances, travel reports
The present research to historicize the dances performed in Egypt in the second half of the 19th century. It is based on the travel report of the Portuguese writer and journalist José Maria de Eça de Queiroz (1845-1900). In 1869, Eça de Queiroz traveled to Egypt to cover the inauguration of the Suez Canal. In addition to this event, his notes also document several other experiences he had, including music and dance performances. His account was published posthumously in 1926, with the title Egypt – travel notes. Therefore, one of the main objectives of this research is to explore how Eça de Queiroz' text fits, or not, into the orientalist discursive order produced and disseminated by European powers in the 19th century, even though his text only became public in the first decades of the 20th century, by the hands of his son José Maria. Furthermore, it aims to understand the tensions and interactions resulting from the encounter between the traveler-writer and the local population. In order to delve deeply into Queiroz's text, this research will scrutinize the models of masculinity and femininity that the Portuguese writer's text delimited for the dances of Egypt.