SOCIOHISTORICAL DETERMINANTS OF THE ORIGIN AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE TECHNOLOGICAL EDUCATION COLLEGES OF THE STATE OF RIO DE JANEIRO (FAETERJs)
Higher Education; Higher Education Program in Technology; Technological College; Technological Education; Technological Training.
This project addresses the implementation and development of the Technological Education Colleges of the State of Rio de Janeiro (FAETERJs), a government initiative to expand and diversify the offering of Higher Education Technology Courses (CSTs) in that state, implemented by the Technical School Support Foundation (FAETEC), an agency of the State Secretariat of Science, Technology, and Innovation (SECTI/RJ). The policy of expanding and diversifying CSTs in Brazil is the result of business initiatives to restructure work and production processes. This restructuring has required the training of a new type of worker, from a pragmatic, immediate, and self-interested perspective of human development, consistent with the lean and flexible development model of capital. The Rio de Janeiro State government's actions to expand and diversify the provision of vocational and technological education are an expression of this national policy. They stem from the Federal Government's strategy of inducing state governments to commit to the objectives and goals of the country's policy of expanding and diversifying Vocational and Technological Education. This effort was supported by funding from the Vocational Education Expansion Program (PROEP), established in partnership with the Inter-American Development Bank (IDB), a World Bank agency. Based on this context, the hypothesis arises that the type of higher education offered through CSTs, with reduced workloads and a lean, flexible curriculum better adapted to market demands, is a renewed way of limiting the working class's access to scientific and technological knowledge. It restricts content, objectives, and teaching and learning methods to only what is necessary for capital valorization. This rejects the omnilateral, polytechnic-based education that ensures organic thinking, transcending the dichotomy between theory and practice, work and education, and science and life. To verify this hypothesis, the analysis focuses on the Rio de Janeiro state government's efforts to structure the professional and technological education network and, within it, a group of nine FAETERJs. The objective of this research is to analyze the contradictions in the implementation and development of FAETERJs, their limitations, and their potential in training technologists for the state of Rio de Janeiro. This is basic research, based on historical-dialectical materialism, whose objectives lend it the characteristics of an explanatory analysis. Data collection uses primary and secondary bibliographic sources, as well as testimonies from individuals involved in the management of FAETEC and, more specifically, the FAETERJs. The expected outcome is an understanding of the nature of the political and ideological movement that guided the implementation and development of new FAETERJs in the state of Rio de Janeiro and the impact of this initiative on the policy of expanding and diversifying professional and technological education in the country, both objectively and subjectively.