THE WORK AND HEALTH OF TEACHERS IN THE MUNICIPAL PUBLIC EDUCATION SYSTEM IN ANGRA DOS REIS – RJ
Keywords: Work and Health; Teacher malaise; Metamorphoses of work; Angra dos Reis;
This study aims to analyze the relationship between work and teacher health, seeking to identify “teacher malaise” (Esteves, 1999), its causes and consequences in the municipal public school system of Angra dos Reis, Rio de Janeiro, as well as its effects on social labor mobilization in this profession. The research was developed based on the methodology of historical and dialectical materialism, with a qualitative approach to data analysis based on the theoretical categories of “work” and ‘contradiction’ (Marx, 2013); “totality” (Marx, 2013; Kósik, 1969). They are also based on the concepts of “hegemony,” “coercion and consensus,” “organic intellectual” (Gramsci, 2024); “expanded state” (Gramsci apud Mendonça, 2014); “pedagogy of hegemony” (Neves, 2005); “pedagogy of the market” and “pedagogy of death” (Santos, 2012) in dialogue with concepts such as the “neoliberal subject” (Dardot and Laval, 2016), “neoliberalism as social engineering” (Safatle; Silva Junior; Dunker, 2020), the “society of illness” (Antunes and Praun, 2015) and through the category “teacher malaise” (Esteve, 1999), the constraints to which teachers are exposed (Zafalão, 2023), and forms of psychophysical resistance to work-related suffering (Dejours, 1980). These categories and concepts will be addressed in dialogue with the thematic context of this dissertation, as ways of giving concreteness to the set of facts and thus composing a rational whole. In addition, the research will use the School Census (INEP, 2024) and the 2024/2025 Teacher Survey, produced by LIEPE and answered by 88 teachers from this school system, highlighting the conditions that generate teacher discomfort and the indicators of its presence among teachers. The research is justified by the necessary discussion of the possible impacts on the health of teachers generated by the action of managerialism in public schools. When considering the transformations that have occurred in teaching work in relation to neoliberal sociability, it is understood as a research hypothesis that this relationship is direct and causes the presence and worsening of “teacher malaise” in schools.