Self-esteem, Self-efficacy and Locus of Control: predictors of leadership in the context of confirmation of the Brazilian Army Officer
Leadership, Military Leadership, Self-Esteem, Self-Efficacy, Locus of Control.
This study aims to investigate leadership in the context of training the Combatant Officer of the Brazilian Army, which currently takes place at the Military Academy of Agulhas Negras (AMAN) in the city of Resende - RJ. The main motivation for the study refers to a lack of definition of the leadership style that would be ideal for the Army officer to exercise. Thus, it is proposed to carry out 3 studies. The first refers to the survey with Instructors and cadets of the 4th and 5th years of training, the items of leadership instruments that reflect the type of leadership exercised in the context of training at AMAN. Such items will be extracted from existing leadership instruments in the national and international literature, comprising the most discussed leadership styles in the literature. The second study refers to the validation of the Counter-Productive Leadership Self-Assessment Scale (Counter-productive leadership self-assessment - CLSAS). With 14 items, gathered in a single factor, CLSAS aims to measure a leadership style that is more focused on the leader's own figure, distancing itself from the needs of the group, which would be an inhibiting factor to stimulate participation and cohesion group. The choice of instrument is due to its use in studies in a military context and the almost complete absence of discussion, especially in Brazil, of counterproductive aspects related to leadership. Finally, the third study aims to investigate the influence of self-esteem, self-efficacy and locus of control on the self-perceived leadership of cadets. Both the scale to be proposed from study 1 and the CLSAS will be considered at this stage. The total number of instructors from the officer training course (n = 70) and cadets from the 3rd and 4th years of the course will participate in the study. Comprising the 3 studies, 5 instruments will be used. The first instrument refers to the leadership scale to be proposed based on the survey to be carried out with instructors and cadets from the last two years of the course. The second instrument refers to CLSAS, which will be validated for the Brazilian military context. The third instrument will be used to measure self-esteem. This is the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, a single-factor instrument consisting of 10 items in a Likert format. The fourth instrument will be the Perceived General Self-Efficacy Scale. Also composed of 10 items in Likert format, gathered in just one factor. Finally, the fifth item refers to the Levenson locus of control scale, consisting of 24 items in Likert format, equally distributed in 3 factors (internality, externality-chance and externality-powerful others).