Banca de DEFESA: SANDRA DUARTE ANTÃO

PROMOTING ETHNIC-RACIAL IDENTITY IN ADOLESCENCE: EFFECTS OF THE GINGA PROGRAM

adolescence, ethnic-racial identity, Ginga Program, anti-racist intervention

Constructing a narrative about ethnic-racial identity is a complex task depending on the group to which one belongs. The racialization of peoples has historical and political components that integrate the complexity of elements that emerge from studies about the construction of identity, and racism is one of the serious consequences of this process.By making intersections between race and class, it is possible to understand that the development of black adolescents in Brazil is crossed by numerous impacts arising from racism, since racial violence is a reality in the country and its effects can be considered a risk factor for development. This thesis aimed to implement an anti-racist psychoeducational program to promote the diversity of the ethnic-racial identity of adolescents. A study with a multi-method design and qualitative approach was conducted. The research was organized into 03 (three) studies: (I) Bioecological analysis of the development of adolescents in a territory of social vulnerability based on the Ecological Insertion method carried out in the period from 2021 to 2023. (II) Integrative Literature Review to understand how the process of construction of the ethnic-racial identity of adolescents is addressed in Brazilian literature and (III) Presentation of the theoretical-methodological path of the construction process of the Ginga Program - Anti-racist psychoeducational program to promote the diversity of the ethnic-racial identity of adolescents. In the first study, the results found showed that: with regard to personal characteristics, the adolescents were predominantly black, from families headed by women, and attended public schools. The proximal processes available in the environment were scarce, with limited access to leisure activities and the presence of charitable actions that did not have continuity. The main agents of influence in the context of the adolescents' development were their families, school, CRAS and, in many cases, the relationship with the evangelical church. The presence of the Sonhos Unidos Social Project was characterized as a proximal process constituting a new microsystem in the development of adolescents. The second study pointed out that it is essential to understand the impact that the stereotypes imposed by the Eurocentric standard have on the adolescents' identity and some coping strategies were also indicated, such as racial literacy interventions in the school environment, recovering the potential of black people and strengthening self-esteem both individually and collectively, which can be protective factors for development. The third study presented the results of the Ginga program, which was implemented in the city of Volta Redonda/RJ in 2024 for two different audiences and contexts: the first group consisted of 16 adolescents who were part of a Social Project and were between the ages of 12 and 21, and the second group consisted of 63 8th grade students from the Getúlio Vargas School in the public school system. The results allowed us to observe the impacts generated in the acquisition of knowledge by the participants about the racist structure in which Brazil was built and still perpetuates itself; the privileges of whiteness and the impacts on racial and social inequality; knowledge about laws to combat recreational racism and affirmative actions; appreciation of Afro-Brazilian culture and black people of reference in the city of Volta Redonda. The Ginga Program can be understood as a program that has the potential to generate protection for the development of adolescents and as an important tool in supporting ethnic-racial diversity and combating racism. The study also presents the results of the Sandwich Doctorate research carried out from September to December in Mozambique, as a result of the scholarship from the Atlanticas call for proposals of the Beatriz Nascimento Program for Women in Science/CNPq. Research carried out through an agreement between UFRRJ and Eduardo Mondlane University.