Banca de DEFESA: JOCINEI GONÇALVES DE LIMA

Uma banca de DEFESA de MESTRADO foi cadastrada pelo programa.
STUDENT : JOCINEI GONÇALVES DE LIMA
DATE: 28/04/2025
TIME: 13:30
LOCAL: Essa dissertação vinculada à Linha de Pesquisa Manejo do Solo e ao Projeto PROCESSOS E INSUMOS AGROP
TITLE:

Control of spontaneous species through the intercropping of oats with beans under organic management

KEY WORDS:

Avena strigosa; Phaseolus vulgaris; spontaneous plants

PAGES: 90
BIG AREA: Ciências Agrárias
AREA: Agronomia
SUBÁREA: Fitotecnia
SUMMARY:

1.       In organic grain systems, the management of spontaneous plants is one of the main limiting factors for obtaining satisfactory yields. Control options are scarce and, in the case of manual control, costly and extremely painful.  The aim of this dissertation was to evaluate the control of spontaneous plants for bean cultivation, through intercropping with black oats, in high density, under organic management. The hypothesis is that oats (Avena strigosa) in a intercropping could inhibit the development of spontaneous plant species that have the potential to compete with beans. The experiment was set up in the Contestado Settlement (Lapa/PR). The experimental design was randomized blocks, with four replications and six treatments, with 24 plots. The treatments consisted of bean/oat intercropping at a density of 50 kg oats/ha; bean/oat intercropping at a density of 120 kg oats/ha; bean/oat intercropping at a density of 150 kg oats/ha; bean/oat intercropping with a density of 200 kg of oats/ha; bean intercropping without weed control (NAT); bean intercropping with one weeding during the cycle (CAP). The evaluated variables were: number of spontaneous plants, fresh mass of spontaneous plants and bean yield. The first evaluation of the population dynamics of spontaneous plants, carried out 31 days after bean emergence, indicated the predominance of Digitaria sanguinalis and Brachiaria plantaginea in all the treatments with intercropped sowing and in the control treatment. The second evaluation, done at 90 days at harvest, confirmed the continued predominance of these same species. There were no significant differences in the community of spontaneous plants between the treatments conducted under intercropping. In relation to bean yield, the consortium with oats had no positive effects. The average grain mass was 198.75 g/m2 in T1; 207.25 g/m2 in T2; 195.75 g/m2 in T3; 170.25 g/m2 in T4; 364.75 g/m2 in T5 (CAP) and 232.5 g/m2 in T6 (NAT). The weeding treatment (CAP -T5) had the highest yield, showing the effectiveness of the mechanical control carried out within the Critical Period for Prevention of Interference (PCPI). The results obtained were subjected to the F test and the LSD comparison test. The statistical analysis showed no significant differences between the treatments with simultaneous sowing of beans and oats at the different densities evaluated.  On the other hand, the monoculture subjected to manual weeding showed statistically superior performance, demonstrating the effectiveness of mechanical control in the context of organic weed management. Similarly, beans grown in monoculture without weeding during the cycle (T6 or NAT) showed a slight statistical advantage compared to the treatments that integrated oats.The information generated in this work will contribute to the efficient management of spontaneous plants in organic grain production systems, especially in the development and validation of sustainable strategies for suppressing spontaneous species.

COMMITTEE MEMBERS:
Interno - ***.960.133-** - EDNALDO DA SILVA ARAÚJO - EMBRAPA
Externo à Instituição - JHONATAN MARINS GOULART - UFRRJ
Presidente - ***.232.757-** - JOSÉ ANTONIO AZEVEDO ESPINDOLA - EMBRAPA