In the Amazon Region, the soils are mostly characterized by low natural fertility, corrected by the agricultural practice of cutting and burning the plant material in the area. However, agricultural cultivation starts to decline after the second year of production, requiring its abandonment and the search for a new area to repeat the cutting and burning process. The use of conservation practices, such as green manure, must be implemented with the objective of conserving the soil, seeking to maintain and / or increase its natural fertility. Thus, the work aims to identify species of herbaceous legumes with high potential for biomass production, biological nitrogen fixation and greater efficiency in the recycling of nutrients (K, P, Ca and Mg) in the conditions of the Amazon Region. The experimental area was in the Colônia Agrícola do Matapi, municipality of Porto Grande, AP, with a randomized block design, in a 4 x 2 factorial scheme, with three replications, with the legume species (Crotalaria juncea - Crotalária juncea; Vignia unguiculata - Cowpea beans; Canavalia ensiformes - Pork beans; Mucuna aterrima - black mucuna) with presence and absence of inoculation. The plots were 16 m2 (4.0 x 4.0 m), containing 9 lines each in the 0.5m spacing between lines, in each block, with legumes with and without inoculation, in addition to the control. The treatment of pork beans, with and without inoculation, produced an average of 2.19 Mg ha-1 of dry biomass. Following the average of the most absorbed amounts of nutrients by the treatments, Ca> K> Mg> P is in decreasing order. The cultivation of pork beans inoculated with Bradyrhizobium sp SEMIA 6156 BR2003, was the treatment with the highest production of biomass 2.91 Mg ha-1, the one with the highest nutrient cycling (K, P, Ca and Mg) and the highest nitrogen accumulation. The nutrient with the highest pressure was calcium.
O presente trabalho será conduzido na Colônia Agrícola do Matapi, município de Porto Grande – AP. A adubação verde exerce benefícios a fertilidade solo que são evidentes, no entanto, para as diversas condições edafo-climáticas, existem diferentem espécies vegetais que se adaptam. Em de corrência da pouca produção de dados na literatura sobre o uso de adubação verde no Estado do Amapá, o presente trabalho lança como hipótese que o manejo agroecológico dos solos da região (cobertura vegetal de Floresta), por intermédio do uso de leguminosas recomponha e eleve o teor de matéria orgânica, mantenha o solo protegido e adicione nitrogênio ao sistema solo-planta, proporcionando segurança no manejo e colaborando na sustentabilidade do sistema O objetivo deste estudo será identificar espécies de leguminosas com alto potencial de produção de biomassa, elevada taxa de fixação biológica de nitrogênio e maior eficiência na reciclagem de nutrientes (K, P, Ca E Mg) nas condições da Região Amazônica, em quatro espécies de leguminosas perenes: Kudzu tropical (Pueraria phaseoloides), Siratro (Macroptilium atropurpureum), Camacrista (Chamaecrista rotundifolia) e Gliricídia (Gliricidia sepium), e outro com leguminosas anuais: mucuna preta (mucuna aterrima), feijão caupi ( Vignia Unguiculata) feijão de porco (Canavalia ensiformes) e crotalária juncea (Crotalaria juncea).