NUMBERING SYSTEMS IN ANCIENT CIVILIZATIONS: A HISTORICAL APPROACH FOR THE 6TH GRADE OF ELEMENTARY SCHOOL 2
History, numbering system, student, historical rescue, decimal numbering, Mathematics, peoples
Exploring the history of number systems enables the creation of unique pedagogical moments, in which students experience processes in constructing the concept of number, understanding that the system currently adopted by various cultures is the result of a collective construction of humanity. This dissertation will address the topic of number systems across various cultures, seeking to convey to students the idea of the most varied concepts surrounding numbers. This is based on a bibliographic review of theses, dissertations, articles, and activities involving the number systems of various cultures, such as the Karajá (originating from Brazil), Egyptian, Mayan, Roman, Chinese, and African. The objectives focus on the historical recovery of mathematics as a resource for understanding the decimal number system, utilizing the evolutionary trajectory of other number systems so that students can establish comparisons and deepen their understanding of the current decimal system. Mathematics should not be seen as ready-made knowledge, to be simply transmitted in the classroom, especially in a society marked by rapid cultural and technological transformations. But yes, as something revolutionary for those who teach and those who learn at school and in life.