"ELAS POR ELAS": INCARCERATED WOMEN AND ART AS A POSSIBILITY OF AGENCY AND SELF-DEFINITION
incarceration, structural inequalities, agency, corporeities
The increase in female incarceration has been a growing concern in Brazil in recent years, and much of this phenomenon is directly linked to the involvement of women in the crime of drug trafficking. Notably, black women have been the most impacted by this process, disproportionately facing the consequences of anti-drug policies. However, the incarceration of these women does not seem to make sense given their position in criminal networks. In many cases, women do not occupy strategic or leadership positions in these groups, but they end up subject to more severe penalties than men involved in the same activities. This scenario raises questions about the effectiveness and justice of the Brazilian criminal system, highlighting the need for a more careful approach to female incarceration. Patricia Hill Collins argues that black women, in particular, are often subjected to specific forms of oppression that relegate them to images (and spaces) of control, where dominant social structures keep them in positions of subalternity. In the prison context, these "spaces of control" become evident, as black women face not only punishment for involvement in illicit activities, but also the consequences of a system that reproduces and perpetuates structural inequalities. Faced with these challenges, black women subjected to prison spaces demonstrate "forms of agency" as defined by Collins that can represent creative resistance tactics to deal with the difficulties of everyday life in prisons. Through support networks between inmates, educational initiatives or cultural practices, these women seek to maintain an agency that allows them to resist the dehumanization of the prison system. This work highlights the importance of recognizing women's forms of re-existence and organization in such spaces of control, challenging the one-dimensional narrative of incarceration and encouraging reflection on fairer and more equitable ways to deal with crime and its structural causes, especially when we deal with these corporeities.