TEACHING GEOGRAPHY IN YOUTH AND ADULT EDUCATION: PRACTICES AND CHALLENGES OF USING THE TEXTBOOK IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF QUEIMADOS/RJ
Youth and Adult Education, Geography Teaching, Geographic Space, Textbook.
Youth and Adult Education, despite being an extremely important issue for education in Brazil, is still seen primarily as a field of discussion in pedagogy. Given this, the purpose of this research is to contribute to the discussion of Geography Teaching and EJA, with a focus on the use of textbooks in the Baixada Fluminense region, emphasizing the municipality of Queimados/RJ, and bringing Geography into the debate. To this end, the central problem in this research is to understand how the use of textbooks influences the teaching practices of geography teachers in adult education (EJA) – sixth phase, final years – bringing the concept of geographical space into the debate. Therefore, it will seek to consult and analyze public policies and incentive programs for the construction of textbooks and other supporting teaching materials, based on Freire's (1989) perspective that reading the world precedes reading the word, and therefore reading Geographic Space as a product of social construction precedes reading Geography itself. The overall objective is to understand the relevance of textbooks for the teaching practices of geography teachers in Youth and Adult Education (EJA) in the municipality of Queimados/RJ, in the Baixada Fluminense region. The methodological approach adopted focuses on a case study through qualitative analysis of theoretical references in geography teaching, youth and adult education, and textbook production. Interviews will be conducted with teachers and a questionnaire will be administered to the area coordinator in the municipality of Queimados/RJ, in addition to consultations and analyses of national and municipal public policies. This research understands and works with Geographic Space as a social production, as indicated by authors such as Henry Lefèbvre (2006) in his work The Production of Space, Milton Santos (2021) in his work For a New Geography: From the Critique of Geography to a Critical Geography, and David Harvey (2007) in his article entitled Space as a Keyword. Thus, we seek to reflect on Geographic Space and its relationship with the teaching of geography for adult and youth education (EJA) in textbooks, understanding that it is fundamental for teaching geography in this modality. In this sense, the results show that public policies and programs for EJA have had advances and setbacks, advances in the popular governments of Lula and Dilma, and setbacks in the governments of Temer and Bolsonaro. Furthermore, when discussing the concept of Geographic Space related to EJA through Geography textbooks, it can be seen that, despite efforts to construct and implement this concept, in general, it is still not suited to the context of that modality, making it essential that the teaching of geography be thought of as a means and that geographical space be discussed from the perspective of its construction as a social construct, especially with regard to the teaching and learning of ALE students. In addition, after conducting interviews and questionnaires, it can be seen that the municipality is trying to promote strategies for the implementation and permanence of this modality. However, the position of the interviewees on this issue differs from what is stated in official documents.