TRAIL MANAGEMENT FOR THE ASSESSMENT OF PUBLIC USE IN THE MÁRIO XAVIER NATIONAL FOREST – SEROPÉDICA, RIO DE JANEIRO (BRAZIL)
Trail Mapping; Action Research; Public Use; Protected Area; Environmental Management.
The objective of this dissertation is to expand the discussion on the need for efficient trail management for biodiversity conservation in the Mário Xavier National Forest (Flona MX), located in the municipality of Seropédica, in the state of Rio de Janeiro. It aims to identify potential areas for the implementation of trails within the protected area in order to contribute to its Public Use Plan. The methodology is based on action research and is developed through the design and implementation of a short course and a summer course on participatory trail mapping, in which the management of the protected area (PA), the university, and society collectively contribute to a proposal for a new arrangement for the public use of trails within the PA. At the end of these courses, which included both theoretical components and fieldwork (territorial praxis), in addition to the application of rapid assessment protocols (RAP) and qualitative–quantitative questionnaires, a consultation was conducted with the PA management to prepare an inventory of all trails mapped by this research. This inventory includes the delimitation of zones where trails have the potential to support ecopedagogical activities, as well as the identification of areas that are more sensitive to public use and therefore recommended only for environmental monitoring, in order to avoid compromising ecosystem dynamics. After the data collection, the information served as the basis for the construction of the map and the inventory of trails and pathways within the protected area, resulting in the final selection of six trails. One of the main reasons for choosing the Mário Xavier National Forest for this research is its ecological relevance, as it harbors endemic species typical of Lowland Ombrophilous Forests (a phytophysiognomy of the Atlantic Forest), in addition to having a management plan that still needs to be effectively implemented through the creation of management programs, such as public use, in response to the increase in visitors in recent years and the need to address issues of conservation and social inclusion. The proposed mapping becomes a guiding product for public use management, providing greater viability for the sustainable use of trails in Flona MX by assigning specific uses and functions to them, ensuring the right to leisure and access to nature, and reinforcing the importance of the protected area as a space for promoting environmental education and scientific research.