Geoprocessing Applied to Susceptibility Assessment of Flood Events: An Analysis of the Administrative Region of Mambucaba (Angra dos Reis/RJ)
Susceptibility; Inundation; Geoprocessing.
Studies on natural disasters are becoming increasingly relevant in view of the intense urbanization process that has been developing in large cities. The Administrative Region of Mambucaba, located in Angra dos Reis, Rio de Janeiro, has neighborhoods that are so susceptible to flooding events due to their physical characteristics. The occupation process that took place in this region began in a disorderly manner, with significant changes in the landscape that further contribute to the increase of risks to natural disasters, presenting forms of land use and occupation that demonstrate the need for urban planning. of the area. The Mambucaba region is marked by major anthropic interventions, linked to irregular occupations and strong changes in the dynamics of natural processes, such as river sediment transport and runoff. Taking into account the vulnerability of the population of this region under study, we seek to address flood events in this area through the use of Geoprocessing, aiming to conduct an analysis regarding the quality of life in Mambucaba. Thus, the main issue of this research is to conduct a study on the environmental susceptibility of the work area, in order to assess how and what factors make this population vulnerable, thus presenting the areas with the highest and lowest vulnerability. The methodology of this work consists of an environmental study, which used physical and social data, addressing information about natural attributes of the area and also census data. To achieve this purpose, the work was developed through the use of GIS (Geographic Information System) tools to perform the association of these factors, as a subsidy for socio-spatial analysis. The use of geotechnologies has served as a contribution in the elaboration of several studies and analyzes, helping in the interpretation of the phenomena that occur in space and allowing a better understanding about it. Thus, this work is relevant in studies about natural disasters, allowing not only a physical evaluation of the area under study, but also of a social nature, where the condition that the population of this environment is facing these events is crucial for it. there is the elaboration of territorial planning and risk management.