GEOPROCESSING APPLIED TO THE EVALUATION OF SUSCETIBILITY TO FLOOD EVENTS: AN ANALYSIS ON THE ADMINISTRATIVE REGION OF MAMBUCABA (ANGRA DOS REIS/RJ)
Susceptibility; Floods; Geoprocessing; Risk.
Studies about natural disasters are becoming increasingly relevant, in view of the intense urbanization process that has developed in large cities. The Administrative Region of Mambucaba, located in Angra dos Reis, in Rio de Janeiro, has neighborhoods that are so susceptible to flood events due to their physical characteristics. The occupation process that took place in this region started in a disorganized way, with significant changes in the landscape that contribute even more to the expansion of risks to natural disasters, presenting forms of land use and occupation that demonstrate the need for urban planning of the area. This area is marked by major anthropic interventions, linked to irregular occupations and strong changes in the dynamics of natural processes, such as transport of river sediments and surface runoff. Taking into account the vulnerability of the population of this region under study, we seek to deal with flood events in that region through the use of Geoprocessing, aiming to carry out an analysis of susceptibility through the use of 3 flood assessment models elaborated with base in the hydrographic basin of the study area. The methodology of this work consists of an environmental study, in which physical and environmental data were used, addressing significant factors for the occurrence of these events. To achieve this purpose, the work was developed through the use of GIS tools (Geographic Information System) to carry out the association of these factors. In this way, the use of geotechnologies enabled a succinct analysis of the floods in the region under study, with validation of the models based on Civil Defense data in the execution of the weighted hit index method. Therefore, this work is relevant in studies about natural disasters, allowing not only a physical evaluation of the area under study, but also of a social nature, where the condition that the population of this environment is facing these events is decisive for there is the elaboration of territorial planning and risk management.