THE PRIVATIZATION OF SPACE AND URBAN SEGREGATION PROCESSES: A DISCUSSION ABOUT THE CREATION OF RESIDENTIAL "CONDOMINIUMS" FROM THE CLOSING OF STREETS IN BANGU, RIO DE JANEIRO (RJ)
Territorial Containment; Fortified Enclaves; Grids; Militarization of Space
During the second decade of the 21st century (2010 - 2020), the City of Rio de Janeiro experienced (and in the current decade continues to go through) several transformations in the allotment of urban space that in the past were conceived for residential purposes without any sort of restriction on the access, circulation, or permanence of "strange" people. The most significant changes that several allotments have been suffering are a consequence of adopting a systematic policy of closing off public areas with residential characteristics under the pretext of an alleged fight against crime and urban violence. Like any other neighborhood in the capital, since at least 2016, it is noticeable that in Bangu the number of closed streets has only increased. And in attention to what has been occurring, this study was designed with the main objective of discussing the privatization and militarization of urban space from the creation of dead-end streets and residential "condominiums" that have been occurring in that neighborhood. Besides the principal purpose, this research has specific objectives: to investigate the impacts and consequences of the street closing policy for the resident population and also for non-residents; to discuss the processes of urban segregation arising from the adoption of the practice of closing streets; to examine and discuss the process of urban securitization as a strategy to control everyday life; and to discuss the role of the State regarding the provision of public security to contain the sense of insecurity, urban violence, and fear of citizens. The methodological development of this research will be based on a theoretical survey on the subject, fieldwork in the area designated as a spatial cutout, and semi-structured interviews with people who were somehow affected by the closing of streets.