“The Além Paraíba Mylonite as a Heritage Stone of the Fluminense Paraíba Valley”
Além Paraíba Shear Zone; Paraíba Valley; geodiversity.
Geodiversity corresponds to the variety of geological environments, processes, and natural elements, such as rocks, minerals, fossils, and soils, to which cultural and intrinsic values are attributed, relating both to human history and to the importance of these elements in understanding the Earth itself. In this context, geoconservation extends beyond physical protection, recognizing geodiversity as a fundamental record of natural history preserved in rocks and landscapes. The definition of Heritage Stone, consolidated by the International Union of Geological Sciences (IUGS), reinforces the relevance of rocks used in historical constructions as essential cultural elements. In the Fluminense Paraíba Valley, the Além Paraíba Mylonite holds significant geological, historical, and cultural importance. Formed under conditions of intense metamorphism and tectonic deformation, this material was widely used in local historical constructions, especially during the 19th century, due to its availability and economic viability. Its use is directly associated with regional development during the coffee cycle, a period marked by economic expansion sustained by enslaved labor. Beyond its technical and aesthetic value, the mylonite constitutes an important link between geodiversity and the cultural identity of the Valley, being present in buildings, infrastructure, and historical landscapes. Thus, its recognition as a Heritage Stone contributes to the appreciation of regional memory and to the strengthening of geoconservation actions, integrating geological, historical, and cultural aspects.