Physical Education and the Holistic Development of Students in the Early Years of Elementary School in the Barra Mansa Municipal School System
Keywords: holistic education, school physical education, dimensions of knowledge
The purpose of basic education is the holistic development of the student, as provided for in the Law on Educational Guidelines and Foundations (Law No. 9,394/96), which calls for the full development of the learner. In this context, physical education teachers should structure their teaching practice based on an integrated view of the student, addressing the three dimensions of knowledge—procedural, attitudinal, and conceptual—in their classes. This approach is based on the understanding that the individual is a complex being, going beyond motor development. Historically, Physical Education classes in schools have been predominantly focused on “know-how,” with an emphasis on sports and recreation, which has generated recurring debates about the role of this discipline in the school environment. Given this scenario, this study aims to investigate how teachers in the early grades promote the development of the dimensions of knowledge—conceptual, procedural, and attitudinal—by identifying the methodologies used to develop these different dimensions of knowledge and analyzing these approaches that enable a pedagogical approach appropriate for the holistic development of students. This is a descriptive study with a qualitative approach, as it seeks to understand educational characteristics through the collection and analysis of descriptive data. Information will be gathered using open-ended and closed-ended questionnaires, allowing for a detailed content analysis.