Supercriticical extraction of bioactives compounds from brans of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. moench), millet (Pennisetum glaucum (l.) R. Br.) anda carioca beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.).
Extrusion, supercritical fluid, cereal, pulses, extraction, bioactive compounds.
The bioactive compounds found in grains have been raised interest in the food and pharmaceutical industries. These compounds are mostly present in whole grains, particularly in the bran fraction (pericarp). Millet, sorghum, and beans are grains with bioactive potential. The most widely cultivated millet species in the world is Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br., the sixth most produced cereal. Millet grains have excellent nutritional quality and are comparable or superior to some frequently consumed cereals, such as rice and wheat. Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) is among the five most important cereals in the world, and is a source of phytochemical compounds, such as phenols, anthocyanins, tannins, flavonoids, and antioxidants. The bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is a legume, or pulse, rich in protein. The "Carioca" type bean is the most consumed commercial bean nationally and the consumption of this legume is beneficial to human health and the environment, because it has high iron and zinc content, dietary fiber, polyphenols and saponins. Extrusion is a versatile process used as a pre-treatment to release compounds of interest. Supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) has been widely used for the extraction of bioactive compounds from different sources. These two techniques will be used in this work in order to evaluate the pretreatment process and the supercritical extraction in obtaining bioactive compounds from bran and flours of sorghum, millet and bean in such a way that the fractions obtained are concentrated in bioactive compounds of interest. In addition, the effects of the ESC process on the technological properties of the millet, sorghum and bean flours and meals will be evaluated.