Banca de DEFESA: GUSTAVO DIAS DOS SANTOS

Uma banca de DEFESA de MESTRADO foi cadastrada pelo programa.
STUDENT : GUSTAVO DIAS DOS SANTOS
DATE: 27/03/2026
TIME: 14:00
LOCAL: videoconferência
TITLE:

The end of the USSR in Brazil: an analysis of O Estado de S. Paulo's editorials of the Soviet collapse (1990-1991)

KEY WORDS:

Estado de S. Paulo; press; neoliberalism; Soviet Union;

PAGES: 163
BIG AREA: Ciências Humanas
AREA: História
SUMMARY:

This paper analyzes the discourse of the newspaper O Estado de S. Paulo regarding the end of the Soviet Union between 1990 and 1991, based on the newspaper's editorials. The research is grounded in Norman Fairclough's Critical Discourse Analysis, understanding discourse as a dialectical social practice, simultaneously constitutive and constituted by social reality. As a methodological resource, the concept of intertextuality is used to examine the different voices present in journalistic discourse and their uses. The analysis is also articulated with Antonio Gramsci's studies on newspapers as private apparatuses of hegemony and with Roland Barthes' concept of "myth" understood as a linguistic-ideological tool. The work seeks to answer the following questions: what political projects and worldviews were defended by O Estado de S. Paulo in the context of the dissolution of the USSR and its repercussions in Brazil? What meanings were attributed to the leadership of Mikhail Gorbachev and the rise of Boris Yeltsin? How did the newspaper present the configuration of the post-Cold War international system under US unipolarity? Finally, it investigates whether there was strict adherence to the so-called New World Order or whether it was presented with reservations. In short, the research analyzes the end of the USSR as an enabling event for narratives and practices of power in journalistic discourse. The research demonstrated the presence of a pro-market economy ethos throughout the analyzed period. This discursive practice followed an anti-communist mark materialized in the ethos of Soviet threat used rhetorically to defend, to the Brazilian government and its foreign ministry, policies convergent with the United States and the International Monetary Fund. Furthermore, it was shown that the analyzed discourse was a "mythical speech" insofar as it used the form of defending freedom, but defended a sense of a single possible vision of History through a process of naturalizing the end of the Soviet state and a purported depoliticization of its propositions, while silencing other voices and political views from the Brazilian reader.

COMMITTEE MEMBERS:
Presidente - 1775134 - FABIO KOIFMAN
Interno - 1353338 - LUIS EDMUNDO DE SOUZA MORAES
Externo à Instituição - EDUARDO GRANJA COUTINHO - UFRJ